任务中心模式介入中国城市家庭婆媳冲突的本土化适配性研究

Applicability of Task-Centered Model in Dealing with Conflict between Mother-in-Law and Daughter-in-Law Relationship in Urban Families in China

摘要: 城镇化背景下城市代际同住常态化，婆媳互动频次提升、家庭矛盾高发，现有长周期情感类家庭介入疗法难以适配基层大批量家事调解工作，任务中心模式本土化代际家庭专项介入研究存在缺口。本研究以合肥、扬州两座二线城市6家街道社工站32组婆媳冲突家庭为调研样本，采用目的性分型抽样，划分隔代育儿、居住边界、经济支配、情感积怨四类冲突类型，运用田野调查法、半结构化访谈法，结合量化赋值混合研究方法开展实证研究，依托德尔菲专家咨询法搭建本土化适配评估体系，结合中式孝道伦理、集体本位家庭文化、子代丈夫协同机制改良原生任务中心模式，构建本土化五步闭环介入流程。研究表明：原生任务中心模式受西方个人本位文化制约，无法全域适配本土婆媳冲突，该模式仅适配事务具象、无深度情感创伤的浅层婆媳矛盾，分为高适配、条件适配、完全失效三级应用场景；长期人格对立、情感积怨类婆媳矛盾介入完全失效。本研究补齐任务中心模式介入婆媳冲突的本土研究空白，优化西式社工实务介入流程，可为基层家事社工高效调解代际家庭矛盾提供实务参考，同时研究样本地域覆盖面有限，后续可扩大样本范围完善评估体系。

Abstract: Under the background of urbanization, intergenerational co-residence in cities has become normalized, leading to more frequent interactions between mothers-in-law and daughters-in-law and a high incidence of family conflicts. Existing long-term emotional family intervention therapies are difficult to adapt to large-scale grassroots family mediation work. There is a gap in research on localized task-centered intergenerational family-specific interventions. This study uses 32 families experiencing mother-in-law and daughter-in-law conflicts from six street social work stations in the second-tier cities of Hefei and Yangzhou as research samples. Utilizing purposive stratified sampling, the conflicts are divided into four types: intergenerational childcare, residential boundaries, economic control, and accumulated emotional grievances. The study employs field research and semi-structured interviews, combined with NVivo12 qualitative coding and quantitative assignment mixed research methods, to conduct empirical research. A localized and adaptable evaluation system is established based on the Delphi expert consultation method, and the original task-centered model is modified in conjunction with Chinese filial ethics, collective-oriented family culture, and a collaborative mechanism involving the child’s husband to construct a localized five-step closed-loop intervention process. The study shows that the original task-centered model is constrained by Western individual-oriented culture and cannot fully adapt to local mother-in-law and daughter-in-law conflicts. This model only suits superficial conflicts without deep emotional trauma and can be applied in three scenarios: high adaptation, conditional adaptation, and complete failure. Intervention is completely ineffective for conflicts involving long-term personality opposition and accumulated emotional grievances. This research fills the gap in localized studies on task-centered interventions for mother-in-law and daughter-in-law conflicts, optimizes Western-style social work practices, and provides practical references for grassroots social workers to efficiently mediate intergenerational family conflicts. However, the study’s sample coverage is limited regionally, and future research could expand the sample range to improve the evaluation system.