试论《庄子》的“游”观念与魏晋隐逸之风

On the Concept of “You” in Zhuangzi and the Hermit Trend in the Wei and Jin Dynasties

摘要: 庄子提出的“游”观念本是一种精神自由的哲学境界。至魏晋时期，政局动荡、玄学兴盛，隐逸成为士人普遍选择的生活方式。本文考察“游”观念如何在魏晋时期与隐逸之风相结合，成为隐士行为自我诠释的思想资源，并分析观念转化为生活实践的具体路径。研究表明，魏晋隐士并非机械复制庄子，而是有选择地借用“游”观念来赋予自身行为以超越性意义，完成了从哲学命题到生活方式的历史转化。

Abstract: The concept of “you” proposed by Zhuangzi was originally a philosophical realm of spiritual freedom. By the Wei and Jin dynasties, political turmoil and the rise of Neo-Daoism (Xuanxue) had made reclusion a common lifestyle choice among the literati. This paper examines how the concept of “you” was integrated with the reclusion trend during the Wei and Jin dynasties, becoming an intellectual resource for recluses to interpret their own behavior, and analyzes the specific pathways through which this concept transformed into practical living. The study shows that the recluses of the Wei and Jin dynasties did not mechanically replicate Zhuangzi’s ideas; rather, they selectively borrowed the concept of “you” to endow their actions with transcendental meaning, thereby completing a historical transformation from a philosophical proposition to a way of life.