网络流行语“XX基础，XX不基础”的构式特点与语义语用研究

A Study on the Structural Features and Semantic-Pragmatic Functions of the Internet Slang “XX Is Basic, XX Is Not Basic”

摘要: 网络流行语“xx基础，xx不基础”是近年来在社交媒体和网络语境中广泛传播的一种构式表达，具有鲜明的语用特征与社会文化意涵。本文以该构式为研究对象，从结构、语义、语用及流行成因四个维度展开分析。结构上，该构式呈现对称性与对比性特征，常以并列复句形式出现，通过“基础”与“不基础”的对立搭配实现语义张力；语义上，“基础”不再局限于本义的“根本、起点”，而衍生出“普通、常规、可接受”等网络新义，“不基础”则强化反常、出格或极端的评价色彩；语用层面，该构式具有调侃、反讽、身份认同构建及情绪表达等功能，常用于网络互动中增强表达效果与群体共鸣。进一步地，本文从语言经济性、模因传播、社会心理等角度探讨其流行动因，认为该构式是网络语言创造性与社会情绪共振的产物。研究该流行语，不仅有助于理解当代汉语网络语体的演变规律，也为观察青年群体的价值取向与交际策略提供了语言学窗口。

Abstract: The internet slang phrase “xx基础, xx不基础” is a widely circulated constructional expression in recent years within social media and online contexts, characterized by distinct pragmatic features and socio-cultural connotations. This study takes the construction as its research object, analyzing it from four dimensions: structure, semantics, pragmatics, and popularization causes. Structurally, the construction exhibits symmetry and contrastive features, often appearing in parallel compound sentences, where the opposition between “基础” (fundamental) and “不基础” (non-fundamental) creates semantic tension; semantically, “基础” no longer confines itself to its literal meaning of “fundamental or starting point”, but has extended to new online connotations such as “ordinary, conventional, or acceptable”, while “不基础” intensifies evaluative tones of abnormality, deviation, or extremity; pragmatically, the construction serves functions like teasing, irony, identity construction, and emotional expression, frequently used in online interactions to enhance communicative effects and foster group resonance. Further, this paper explores its popularization causes from perspectives of linguistic economy, meme transmission, and social psychology, positing that the construction is a product of creative internet language and social emotional resonance. Studying this slang not only aids in understanding the evolution patterns of contemporary Chinese internet discourse but also provides a linguistic lens for observing the value orientations and communication strategies of youth groups.