维吾尔语进行体探究

A Study on the Progressive Aspect in Uyghur

摘要: 进行体作为一种语法范畴，通常用来表示行为动作在说话时间内正在进行或发生的含义，也反映了动作进行到一定程度后所处于的某种程度或阶段。进行体可以通过添加体语缀或其他黏着成分、体助动词等方法来表达。维吾尔语作为黏着语，在表达相应语法形式时，通常会采用在核心动词后添加能够表达相应含义的语缀的方式来实现。本文重在对维吾尔语进行体的结构进行探究，通过语言学的方法概述维吾尔语进行体概念。在例句基础上研究进行体语缀“-wat-, -iwat-, -uwat-, -ywat-”和复合语缀“-maqta-, -mεktε-”与动词结合的规则，总结得出维吾尔语进行体的构成方式。最后阐述维吾尔语进行体所具有的语法特征和语法功能，发现维吾尔语进行体语缀和复合语缀两者的语法功能差异。

Abstract: As a grammatical category, the progressive aspect generally denotes an action that is ongoing at the moment of speech, and also indicates the state or phase an action reaches in its progression. It can be realized by attaching aspectual affixes, other bound morphemes, aspectual auxiliaries and other means. As an agglutinative language, Uyghur mainly expresses the progressive meaning by appending specific affixes to main verbs. This paper explores the structures of the progressive aspect in Uyghur and elaborates on its conceptual connotation from a linguistic perspective. Based on illustrative examples, it analyzes the combination rules between verbs and progressive affixes including -wat-, -iwat-, -uwat-, -ywat-, as well as the compound affixes -maqta- and -mεktε-, and summarizes the formation patterns of the Uyghur progressive aspect. Finally, this paper expounds its grammatical features and functions, and identifies the functional differences between simple progressive affixes and compound progressive affixes in Uyghur.