文化认同视角下高校语言景观的表达路径分析——以北京四所高校为例

Exploration of Expression Paths of Language Landscape in Higher Education from the Perspective of Cultural Identity—A Case Study of Four Universities in Beijing

摘要: 语言景观作为校园空间中兼具实用性与符号性的文化载体，是文化认同在高校场景中的具象化表达。本文采用田野调查法、问卷调查法、访谈法等研究方法，选取北京四所特色高校(首都体育学院、北京外国语大学、中央民族大学、北京交通大学)作为研究对象，系统分析各高校校园内语言景观的语言使用特征，文化元素类型、载体呈现形式以及学生受众感知。研究发现，四所高校语言景观中文占绝对优势，文化元素多元，各校能结合学科特色塑造师生文化认同，革命文化和社会主义先进文化是核心表达元素；现有景观存在传统文化供给不足、形式设计单一等问题。基于此，本文提出高校语言景观“坚守中文主体性、提升形式创新性、突出路径差异化”的优化建议，为新时代高校校园文化建设与文化认同培育提升提供实证支撑与实践参考。

Abstract: As a cultural carrier with both practical and symbolic functions in campus space, linguistic landscapes serve as a concrete expression of cultural identity in higher education settings. This study adopts fieldwork, questionnaire surveys, and in-depth interviews, selecting four distinctive universities in Beijing—Capital University of Physical Education, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Minzu University of China, and Beijing Jiaotong University as research objects. It systematically analyzes the linguistic features, cultural element types, presentation forms, and student perceptions of campus linguistic landscapes. The findings reveal that Chinese occupies an absolutely dominant position in the language landscapes of the four universities, with other cultural elements exist as well. Each university highlights cultural identity in line with its disciplinary characteristics. Revolutionary culture and advanced socialist culture are the core expressive elements. However, current language landscapes also have some problems like insufficient traditional cultural representation and monotonous design. Accordingly, this paper proposes optimization suggestions for campus language landscapes: adhering to Chinese subjectivity, enhancing design innovation, and emphasizing differentiated development paths. The study provides practical evidence and references for campus cultural construction and the cultivation of cultural identity in the new era.