针对癌症患者病耻感的认知行为疗法干预框架构建

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Intervention Framework for Stigma in Cancer Patients

摘要: 本研究立足于我国癌症疾病负担沉重而患者心理社会关怀相对不足的现实背景，聚焦癌症患者在治疗过程中普遍经历且严重影响其治疗与生活质量的病耻感问题。在系统梳理国内外相关文献的基础上，结合探索性访谈资料综合分析人口学特征、心理认知、疾病治疗及社会支持等多层面影响因素，揭示病耻感在个人、社会及制度层面的具体表现，并基于认知行为疗法构建认知、行为与情绪三维干预框架。研究发现，病耻感的形成是个体与环境多因素交互作用的结果，认知重构、行为赋能与情绪调控的协同干预可有效缓解病耻感。但本研究存在以探索性访谈为主要资料来源并非系统性研究、未开展实证性干预检验等不足，未来需扩大样本量并开展长期追踪研究以提升结论的普适性与实践价值。

Abstract: Based on the reality that China carries a heavy cancer disease burden while psychosocial care remains relatively insufficient, this study focuses on the stigma commonly experienced by cancer patients, which significantly impairs their therapeutic effects and quality of life. Through a systematic review of domestic and international literature combined with exploratory interviews, this paper analyzes multiple influencing factors, including demographic characteristics, psychological cognition, disease, treatment features, and social support. Then, it reveals how stigma manifests at the individual, social, and institutional levels, further constructs a three-dimensional intervention framework for cognition, behavior and emotion based on cognitive behavioral therapy. It finds that stigma arises from interactions between individual and environmental factors, and that a collaborative intervention involving cognitive restructuring, behavioral empowerment, and emotional regulation can effectively alleviate it. However, this study is limited by using exploratory interviews as the main source of data and lack of empirical intervention testing. Future research should expand the sample size and conduct long-term studies to improve the generalizability and practical value of the conclusions.