汉越空间维度词“宽/窄(rộng/hẹp)”的对比研究

Comparative Study of the Spatial Dimension Terms “Wide/Narrow (rộng/hẹp)” in Chinese and Vietnamese

摘要: 从语义学的角度来看，本文运用词汇语义分析理论和认知语言学中的对比理论，对汉语与越南语空间维度词汇“宽/窄(rộng/hẹp)”在空间及隐喻意义上的相似与差异之处进行了分析和比较。从语义和隐喻的角度而言，汉语词汇“宽、窄”及其对应的越南语词汇“rộng/hẹp”在大多数情况下是相似的，且具有对应的用法。然而，由于每种语言的独特特征以及词汇使用惯例的差异，在某些特定语境下仍会出现应用上的差异。每种语言都有其独特的表达方式，两者之间并不存在完全对等的用法模式。

Abstract: From a semantic perspective, this paper applies the lexical semantic analysis theory and contrastive theory within cognitive linguistics to analyze and compare the similarities and differences in the spatial and metaphorical meanings of the Chinese-Vietnamese spatial dimension words “kuan/zhai” and their Vietnamese equivalents “rộng/hẹp”. From semantic and metaphorical standpoints, the Chinese words “kuan/zhai” and their corresponding Vietnamese terms “rộng/hẹp” are similar in most cases and have equivalent usages. However, due to the unique characteristics of each language and differences in word usage conventions, discrepancies in their application still emerge in certain specific contexts; each language has its own distinct modes of expression, and there are no fully equivalent usage patterns between the two.