汉语“拳头”类词的方言类型划分及本字考辨

Typological Classification and Etymological Identification of “Fist” Lexemes across Chinese Dialects

摘要: 该研究基于“中国语言资源保护工程”的1300余个方言点数据，运用历史比较语言学和地理语言学的方法，对汉语方言中表示“拳头”义的各类高频词语进行了词源考证和类型学划分。研究认为，“拳头”一词在方言中的不同表达形式，反映了人们基于功能相似(如工具)和形态相似(如团块)的认知理据进行词汇选择和语义引申的普遍规律。

Abstract: This study, based on data from over 1300 dialect localities in the China Language Resources Protection Project, employs methods from historical comparative linguistics and geolinguistics to conduct etymological investigations and typological classifications of the various high-frequency lexical forms denoting “fist” in Chinese dialects. The study proposes that the diverse expressions for “fist” across dialects reflect a general cognitive principle whereby lexical selection and semantic extension are motivated by perceived similarities in function (e.g., tools) and form (e.g., lumps or masses).