茅台机场一次持续性大雾过程的诊断分析

Diagnostic Analysis of a Persistent Fog Event at Maotai Airport

摘要: 本文利用ERA5再分析资料和茅台机场(ZUMT)地面观测数据，对2020年1月7~9日发生在贵州北部的一次持续性大雾过程进行了综合分析。结果表明：此次大雾过程是在稳定的大气层结、充足的水汽条件和弱风环境共同作用下形成的。比湿和散度分析，大雾发展期间机场上空存在明显的水汽辐合；锋生函数分析揭示了大雾形成与维护的动力机制；垂直速度场和温度垂直剖面则反映了逆温层对雾层发展的抑制作用。本次大雾过程持续时间长、能见度波动大，对机场运行造成了显著影响。

Abstract: In this paper, based on ERA5 reanalysis data and surface observation data from Maotai Airport (ZUMT), a comprehensive analysis is conducted on a persistent fog event that occurred in northern Guizhou from January 7 to 9, 2020. The results show that this fog event formed under the combined effects of stable atmospheric stratification, sufficient water vapor conditions and a weak wind environment. Analysis of specific humidity and divergence indicates that there was obvious water vapor convergence over the airport during the fog development. Frontogenesis function analysis reveals the dynamic mechanism for the formation and maintenance of the fog, while vertical velocity field and temperature vertical profile reflect the inhibiting effect of the inversion layer on the development of the fog layer. This fog event is characterized by long duration and large visibility fluctuation, which has caused a significant impact on airport operation.