大数据背景下社区老年人防诈骗意识现状和影响因素的调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of the Current State of Elderly Residents’ Fraud Prevention Awareness and Influencing Factors in the Context of Big Data

摘要: 目的：探究老年人防骗意识现状及影响因素，为防诈骗干预工作提供理论依据。方法：通过问卷调查收集312例老年人社会人口学特征等信息，用防骗意识量表评估。结果：91.0%老年人防骗意识低，仅9.0%为高水平。单因素分析显示，人口学特征等因素与防骗意识等级显著相关(P < 0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析表明，文化程度和紧急时邻居提供帮助频率是影响防骗意识等级的独立因素(P < 0.05)。结论：对杭州老年群体调查发现，老年人整体防骗意识薄弱，91.0%受访者处于较低水平。文化程度和紧急时邻居支持是关键独立要素。建议未来防诈骗工作提升基础教育质量、构建社区邻里支持体系，关注低学历老年群体，协同家庭与社区开展针对性宣传教育和数字技能培训，增强老年人防骗能力。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the current level of fraud prevention awareness among elderly individuals and its influencing factors, thereby providing a theoretical basis for anti-fraud intervention strategies. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect demographic characteristics of 312 elderly participants, with assessment using a fraud prevention awareness scale. Results: 91.0% of respondents exhibited low fraud prevention awareness, while only 9.0% demonstrated high awareness levels. Univariate analysis revealed significant correlations between demographic characteristics and awareness levels (P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression identified educational attainment and frequency of neighborhood assistance during emergencies as independent predictors of fraud prevention awareness (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The study demonstrates generally weak fraud prevention awareness among Hangzhou’s elderly population, with 91.0% of respondents exhibiting low proficiency levels. Educational background and emergency-based neighbor support emerged as key determinants. Recommendations include enhancing basic education quality, establishing community-based support networks, prioritizing interventions for low-educated elderly groups, and collaborating with families and communities to implement targeted awareness campaigns and digital literacy training programs to strengthen fraud prevention capabilities.