数字化时代智慧养老的伦理困境与纾解对策

Ethical Dilemma and Relief Strategies of Smart Elderly Care in the Digital Age

摘要: 数字化时代，智慧养老在应对老龄化危机的同时，也引发了深刻的伦理困境。本文剖析了技术工具理性扩张引发的社会排斥，指出老年群体正面临隐私让渡失灵、算法规训、机器陪伴导致的情感异化及“数字年龄歧视”等核心问题。其深层诱因在于资本逐利的工具理性膨胀、治理与审查机制滞后、包容性设计缺位以及代际互动异化。为此，本文提出应确立“尊严为本”的价值导向，构建前置化伦理审查与算法评估机制，引入动态知情同意与数据信托，并协同打造“人机协作”的韧性支持网络，以期重塑智慧养老的伦理秩序，保障长者的数字生存尊严。

Abstract: In the digital era, smart elderly care systems address aging crises while simultaneously triggering profound ethical dilemmas. This study analyzes social exclusion caused by the expansion of instrumental rationality in technological tools, highlighting core challenges faced by the elderly population including compromised privacy rights, algorithmic conditioning, emotional alienation from machine companionship, and “digital age discrimination.” Root causes include the profit-driven expansion of capital’s instrumental rationality, lagging governance and censorship mechanisms, absence of inclusive design, and intergenerational interaction alienation. To address these issues, the paper proposes establishing a “dignity-first” value orientation, implementing proactive ethical review and algorithm evaluation mechanisms, introducing dynamic informed consent and data trusts, and collaboratively building resilient support networks through human-machine collaboration. These measures aim to reshape ethical frameworks for smart elderly care and safeguard seniors’ digital survival dignity.