国内积极应对人口老龄化的社会综合治理路径研究文献综述

Literature Review on Social Comprehensive Governance Paths for Actively Coping with Population Aging in China

摘要: 我国已进入中度老龄化社会，并将快速迈向重度老龄化，积极应对人口老龄化已成为事关国家发展全局的重大课题。本文以2024~2026年国内核心文献为分析对象，系统梳理积极应对人口老龄化社会综合治理的研究态势、理论基础与核心路径。研究发现，现有成果已形成以人口高质量发展、积极老龄化、系统治理为支撑的理论框架，并围绕社会保障体系优化、老年就业与社会参与、数智化治理赋能三大路径展开深入探讨。但整体而言，研究仍存在老龄法治体系化不足、超龄劳动者权益保障薄弱、法律与政策协同不够、微观实证欠缺、特殊群体法治供给不足等问题。在延迟退休全面实施与全面依法治国背景下，未来亟需在法治轨道上推进老龄化治理创新，重点加强老龄劳动法治、权利体系建构、监护与照护法治衔接、国家义务与人权价值等方向研究，推动我国人口老龄化法治道路不断完善。

Abstract: China has entered a moderately aging society and is rapidly moving toward a severely aging stage. Actively responding to population aging has become a critical issue concerning the overall national development. Based on core domestic literature published from 2024 to 2026, this paper systematically reviews the research trends, theoretical foundations, and core pathways of comprehensive social governance for addressing population aging. The study reveals that existing research has formed a theoretical framework supported by high-quality population development, active aging, and systematic governance, and has conducted in-depth explorations focusing on three pathways: the optimization of the social security system, elderly employment and social participation, and digital-intelligent governance empowerment. Nevertheless, the research is still limited by the insufficient systematization of the rule of law in aging governance, weak protection for the rights and interests of elderly workers, inadequate coordination between laws and policies, a lack of micro-empirical evidence, and insufficient legal protection for vulnerable groups. Against the backdrop of the full implementation of delayed retirement and law-based governance across the board, it is urgent to advance the innovation of aging governance under the rule of law. Future research should prioritize the improvement of elderly labor legal systems, the construction of senior citizens’ right system, the legal coordination of guardianship and elderly care, and the exploration of state obligations and human rights values, so as to further refine the rule-of-law path for addressing population aging in China.