从知识到能力：AI时代高等教育人才培养的系统性重构

From Knowledge to Competence: A Systematic Restructuring of Higher Education Talent Cultivation in the AI Era

摘要: 生成式AI正在深刻影响以知识传授为核心的高等教育逻辑，促使人才培养的目标从“教什么”转向“学会什么”。本文基于传统教学与AI教学的要素对比，阐明传统教学在目标、课程、教学、评价方面的四个不适应，提出基于教学要素的系统性重构路径。

Abstract: Generative AI is reshaping the knowledge-centered logic of higher education, prompting the focus of talent cultivation to shift from “what to teach” to “what to learn”. Based on a comparative analysis of traditional and AI teaching elements, this paper identifies four key mismatches in traditional teaching regarding objectives, curricula, instructional methods, and evaluation systems, and proposes a paradigm reconstruction approach grounded in teaching elements.