蔗蛙共生综合种养模式构建与效益分析

Research on Construction and Benefit Analysis of Sugarcane-Pelophylax nigromaculata Symbiotic System

摘要: 本研究选用糖料甘蔗与黑斑侧翼蛙(Pelophylax nigromaculata)作为试验对象，在浙江省兰溪市女埠街道汇潭村建立结构与功能合理的新型蔗蛙共生模式，研究二者在相同生境中的相互作用，并分析经济与生态效益。研究结果表明，蔗蛙共生体系土壤不同时期的有机质和微生物物种多样性均比放养前呈现显著性升高(P < 0.05)，且随着共生时间的延长，含量差异逐渐升高，上层土有机质含量最高达到20.6 ± 0.3 g/kg，下层土有机质含量最高达到17.9 ± 0.1 g/kg。黑斑蛙投放前期，优势菌群是鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、SC-I-84和马赛菌属(Massilia)。取样后期，优势菌群是鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas)、热单胞菌属(Thermomonas)和鲸杆菌属(Cetobacterium)。相比传统的单一种植糖料甘蔗模式，甘蔗糖度比对照组增加1.4˚Brix (P < 0.05)，株高比对照高0.28 ± 0.02 m (P < 0.05)，蔗径比对照粗0.31 ± 0.01 m (P < 0.05)。经过完整的养殖周期后，商品黑斑蛙的平均体质量达到50.37 ± 0.42 g，黑斑蛙收获量680 ± 32 kg/亩，增收利润为4935元/亩。本研究为蔗蛙共生体系模式的推广应用提供理论依据和数据支撑。

Abstract: In this study, sugarcane and Pelophylax nigromaculatus were selected as experimental subjects. A novel sugarcane-Pelophylax nigromaculatus symbiotic system with rational structure and functions was established in Huitan Village, Nübu Subdistrict, Lanxi City, Zhejiang Province, to explore the interactions between the two species in the same habitat and analyze its economic and ecological benefits. The results showed that the soil organic matter content in the sugarcane-Pelophylax nigromaculatus symbiotic system and increased microbial diversity significantly at all growth stages compared with that before Pelophylax nigromaculatus stocking (P < 0.05), and the difference gradually widened with the extension of symbiosis duration. The maximum organic matter content reached 20.6 ± 0.3 g/kg in topsoil and 17.9±0.1 g/kg in subsoil. In the early stage, the dominant microbial communities are Sphingomonas, SC-I-84 and Massilia. In the late stage，the dominant microbial communities are Sphingomonas, Thermomonas and Cetobacterium. Compared with the traditional monoculture sugarcane planting mode, the sugar content of sugarcane was 1.4°Bx higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05); the plant height was 0.28±0.02 m higher (P < 0.05); and the stem diameter was 0.31 ± 0.01 m thicker (P < 0.05). After a complete breeding cycle, the average body weight of commercial Pelophylax nigromaculatus was 50.37±0.42 g, with a yield of 680 ± 32 kg/667m² and an additional economic profit of 4,935 yuan/667m². This study provides theoretical basis and data support for the popularization and application of the sugarcane-Pelophylax nigromaculatus symbiosis model.