AI赋能中小学英语教学：研究现状、核心挑战与未来展望

AI Empowering Primary and Secondary English Teaching: Research Status, Core Challenges and Future Prospects

摘要: 在国家教育数字化战略的宏观背景下，人工智能正深刻重塑中小学英语教学。本研究旨在系统性梳理2021年至2026年人工智能赋能中小学英语教学的研究现状，深度剖析其核心成果与面临挑战，并展望未来研究方向。研究发现，该领域的研究进程可划分为四个相互衔接的阶段：人工智能浅层应用期、教学系统融合构建期、生成式AI驱动模式转型期和技术应用伦理规范治理期。研究显示，AI在提升教学效率、推动教学模式系统性转型以及促进学生个性化发展与教师专业成长方面取得了显著成效。然而，技术应用浅层化、教育公平与数字鸿沟风险加剧、教师数字素养不足及伦理治理体系不健全等挑战，依然是制约其纵深发展的瓶颈。未来研究应聚焦生成式AI与教学的本土化深度融合、推进教育公平与区域均衡发展、深化教师专业发展与数字素养培育，以及构建“教–学–评”一体化的育人体系。

Abstract: Against the macro backdrop of the national digital education strategy, artificial intelligence is profoundly reshaping primary and secondary English teaching. This study systematically sorts out research on AI-enabled primary and secondary English teaching from 2021 to 2026, thoroughly analyzes its core achievements and existing challenges, and prospects future research directions. The findings reveal that research in this field can be divided into four interconnected stages: the initial stage of superficial AI tool application, the stage of integrated construction of teaching systems, the transformation stage driven by generative AI, and the standardized governance stage of ethical norms for technology application. Studies demonstrate that AI has achieved remarkable results in improving teaching efficiency, promoting systematic transformation of teaching modes, and facilitating personalized student development as well as teachers’ professional growth. Nevertheless, challenges including superficial technology application, rising risks of educational inequity and the digital divide, insufficient digital literacy among teachers, and an imperfect ethical governance system remain bottlenecks restricting its in-depth development. Future research should focus on localized in-depth integration of generative AI and teaching, advancing educational equity and balanced regional development, deepening teachers’ professional development and digital literacy cultivation, and constructing an integrated education system covering teaching, learning and assessment.