干眼症患者睑板腺体征与全身性疾病的关联性分析

Correlation Analysis between Meibomian Gland Sign and Systemic Diseases in Patients with Dry Eye

摘要: 目的：探讨干眼症患者睑板腺体征与全身性疾病的关联性，分析全身性疾病对睑板腺体征的影响。方法：回顾性收集2023年5月至2026年4月期间于珠海市中西医结合医院眼科门诊就诊的134例干眼症患者的病历资料。根据既往史将患者分为有全身性疾病组(41例)和无全身性疾病组(93例)。采用卡方检验比较两组间睑板腺体征差异，并通过二元Logistic回归分析全身性疾病与中重度睑板腺体征异常的独立关联，控制年龄和性别的混杂影响。结果：134例干眼症患者中，女性占74.63%，中重度睑板腺异常检出率为8.21%。有全身性疾病组年龄为(48.25 ± 15.61)岁，显著高于无全身性疾病组的(43.99 ± 16.25)岁(t = −4.407, P < 0.05)。有全身性疾病者中重度睑板腺体征异常比例为4.17% (1/24)，与无全身性疾病者的9.09% (10/110)相比，差异无统计学意义(χ² = 1.802, P = 0.406)。二元Logistic回归分析显示，在控制年龄和性别后，全身性疾病与中重度睑板腺体征异常无显著独立关联(OR = 1.336, 95% CI: 0.667~2.675, P = 0.413)；年龄是全身性疾病的独立影响因素(OR = 1.049, 95% CI: 1.024~1.074, P < 0.01)。结论：干眼症患者中全身性疾病与睑板腺体征异常之间未显示显著独立关联，年龄是全身性疾病的重要影响因素。临床上对干眼症患者应重视全身性疾病的筛查与管理，对中老年干眼症患者尤应关注全身健康状态的评估。

Abstract: Objective: This paper aims to explore the correlation between meibomian gland sign and systemic diseases in patients with dry eye, and analyze the influence of systemic diseases on meibomian gland sign. Methods: The medical records of 134 patients with dry eye from May 2023 to April 2026 were collected retrospectively. According to the past history, the patients were divided into the group with systemic diseases (41 cases) and the group without systemic diseases (93 cases). Chi-square test was used to compare the difference of meibomian gland sign between the two groups, and the independent association between systemic diseases and moderate and severe meibomian gland sign abnormality was analyzed by binary Logistic regression to control the mixed influence of age and sex. Results: Among 134 patients with dry eye, 74.63% were women, and the detection rate of moderate and severe meibomian gland abnormality was 8.21%. The age of patients with systemic diseases was (48.25 ± 15.61) years, which was significantly higher than that of patients without systemic diseases (43.99 ± 16.25) years (t = −4.407, P < 0.05). The abnormal rate of meibomian gland sign in patients with systemic diseases was 4.17% (1/24), which was not statistically significant compared with that in patients without systemic diseases (9.09% (10/110), χ² = 1.802, P = 0.406). Binary Logistic regression analysis showed that there was no significant independent correlation between systemic diseases and moderate and severe meibomian gland sign abnormality after controlling age and sex (OR = 1.336, 95% CI: 0.667~2.675, P = 0.413). Age is an independent influencing factor of systemic diseases (OR = 1.049, 95% CI: 1.024~1.074, P < 0.01). Conclusion: There is no significant independent correlation between systemic diseases and abnormal meibomian gland sign in patients with dry eye, and age is an important influencing factor of systemic diseases. Clinically, attention should be paid to the screening and management of systemic diseases for patients with dry eye, especially to the evaluation of general health status for middle-aged and elderly patients with dry eye.