数字社会中的老年人信息风险：社交媒体虚假信息传播及其治理

Information Risks Faced by Older Adults in the Digital Society: The Dissemination of False Information on Social Media and Its Governance

摘要: 随着数字技术的广泛应用，社交媒体逐渐成为老年人获取信息和参与社会生活的重要渠道。然而，网络空间中虚假信息的快速传播也使老年群体面临新的信息风险。文章以数字社会为背景，结合老龄化发展趋势，分析社交媒体虚假信息在老年群体中的主要传播形态及其现实影响。研究发现，健康医疗、投资理财以及社会事件类信息在社交媒体中较为常见，并通过熟人网络和平台传播机制不断扩散，对老年人的财产安全、身心健康以及社会信任产生持续影响。从社会结构与制度运行的角度观察，老年人在数字媒介使用能力、信息识别能力以及社会支持资源方面存在一定差异，使其在复杂信息环境中更容易受到误导。在此基础上，文章进一步讨论现行制度在老年人信息权益保护方面的局限，并从社会治理与法律制度协同的角度提出完善虚假信息治理的思路，以期在老龄化社会背景下构建更加稳定和安全的网络信息环境。

Abstract: With the widespread development of digital technologies, social media has gradually become an important channel through which older adults obtain information and participate in social life. At the same time, the rapid spread of false information in online spaces has created new informational risks for the elderly. Against the background of digital society and population ageing, this paper examines the main forms of false information circulating on social media and their impacts on older adults. The study finds that information related to health care, investment and financial management, as well as social events, is particularly common and tends to spread through acquaintance networks and platform communication mechanisms. Such information may influence the financial security, physical and mental health, and social trust of older adults. From the perspective of social structure and institutional operation, differences in digital media use, information identification ability and social support make older adults more vulnerable in complex information environments. On this basis, the paper further discusses the limitations of the current governance framework in protecting the information rights and interests of older adults, and proposes possible directions for improving the governance of false information through better coordination between social governance and legal regulation.