К. Г.帕乌斯托夫斯基个体风格中选择性并列结构的功能特征研究

A Study of the Functional Features of Disjunctive Coordinate Constructions in K. G. Paustovsky’s Idiostyle

摘要: 本文以К. Г.帕乌斯托夫斯基1929~1961年间创作的50篇短篇小说和3部中篇小说为语料，对其中310个带有选择性并列连接词的结构进行系统考察。研究依据结构–句法层级和语义关系类型，对选择性并列结构进行分类，并统计不同选择连接词及其所组织结构的使用频率。研究发现，在作家文本中，选择性并列结构主要出现在句子同类成分之间，同时也参与并列复合句和复杂句法整体的构建；非重复连接词ИЛИ占绝对优势，而ЛИБО及ЛИБО…ЛИБО完全缺失，表明作家更倾向于表达非绝对化、折中性的选择关系，而非原则性的互相排斥关系。ТО…ТО结构常用于呈现自然状态、人物动作和心理感受的动态变化，НЕ ТО…НЕ ТО则体现感知对象的不确定辨认。研究还表明，帕乌斯托夫斯基文本中的选择关系常与说明、追加、具体化等关系相互叠加，参与文本展开和艺术表现。由此可见，选择性并列结构不仅是表达逻辑选择关系的语法手段，也是揭示作家个体风格和艺术世界图景的重要句法资源。

Abstract: This study takes 50 short stories and three novellas written by K. G. Paustovsky between 1929 and 1961 as its corpus, and systematically examines 310 constructions containing disjunctive coordinating conjunctions. On the basis of structural-syntactic levels and types of semantic relations, the study classifies disjunctive coordinate constructions and calculates the frequency of different disjunctive conjunctions and the structures they organize. The findings show that, in Paustovsky’s texts, disjunctive coordinate constructions occur mainly between homogeneous sentence members, while also participating in the formation of compound sentences and complex syntactic wholes. The non-repeated conjunction ИЛИ predominates, whereas ЛИБО and ЛИБО…ЛИБО are completely absent, indicating that the writer tends to express non-absolute and compromise-based disjunctive relations rather than categorical mutual exclusion. Constructions with ТО…ТО are often used to present dynamic changes in natural states, character actions, and psychological perceptions, while НЕ ТО…НЕ ТО reflects uncertain identification of perceived objects. The study further shows that disjunctive relations in Paustovsky’s texts are often superimposed on relations of explanation, addition, and specification, thereby contributing to textual development and artistic expression. Thus, disjunctive coordinate constructions are not only grammatical means of expressing logical choice, but also important syntactic resources for revealing the writer’s idiostyle and artistic worldview.