杭州零工群体社会保障发展现状、问题及优化对策研究——基于2026年实地问卷调研

Research on the Current Situation, Problems and Optimization Countermeasures of Social Security for Gig Workers in Hangzhou—Based on Field Questionnaire Surveys in 2026

摘要: 本研究聚焦杭州市零工群体社会保障问题，结合平台灵活就业发展背景开展实证调研。2026年面向杭州零工驿站、零工市场发放问卷，获取1001份有效样本，采用描述统计、方差分析、回归模型等方法处理数据。调研发现，受访零工学历多为高中层次、收入普遍偏低；群体社保参保结构失衡，工伤保险覆盖不足，经济压力是阻碍参保的首要因素，学历、收入显著影响社保满意度。当前杭州零工社会保障存在制度适配不足、参保成本高、多方协同保障缺位等问题。据此，从政策调整、平台监管、数字化便民服务等方面提出优化对策，为完善新业态灵活就业保障体系提供实证依据。

Abstract: Focusing on the social security issues of gig workers in Hangzhou, this study conducts empirical research against the backdrop of the development of platform-based flexible employment. In 2026, questionnaires were distributed at gig worker service stations and gig labor markets across Hangzhou, yielding 1001 valid samples. Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, regression models and other statistical methods were adopted for data processing. The survey reveals that most surveyed gig workers hold a high school education level with generally low income; the group suffers an unbalanced social insurance participation structure and insufficient coverage of work injury insurance. Economic pressure constitutes the primary barrier to insurance enrollment, while educational attainment and income significantly affect satisfaction with social security. At present, the social security system for gig workers in Hangzhou faces challenges, including poor institutional adaptability, high participation costs, and inadequate multi-stakeholder collaborative security. Accordingly, optimized countermeasures are proposed from the perspectives of policy adjustment, platform supervision and digital public services, providing empirical evidence for improving the social security system for flexible workers in new business forms.