老年大学对于推进积极老龄化的作用探析

An Analysis of the Role of Senior Universities in Promoting Active Aging

摘要: 在积极老龄化从理念走向实践的过程中，老年大学如何将宏观政策转化为老年人的个体福祉，是亟待回应的议题。本文基于“健康、参与、保障”三大支柱的理论框架，系统考察老年大学在推进积极老龄化中的复合作用机制。老年大学的作用集中体现为三条层层递进、螺旋上升的路径：在健康维度，通过系统课程与社交互动构建身心整合的健康资本；在参与维度，通过数字赋能与组织化平台实现从学习到社会贡献的能力跃迁；在意义维度，通过角色重建与再社会化促成老年人生命意义的建构与代际辐射。三条路径协同发力，使老年大学超越了单一教育机构的定位，成为联通国家战略与个体行动的综合性枢纽。然而，受制于管理体制碎片化、战略认知偏差、资源配置失衡与教育内涵偏狭等现实挑战，其潜能的充分发挥仍有赖于法治保障、多元投入与内涵建设的系统性推进。

Abstract: As active aging transitions from concept to practice, the question of how senior universities can translate macro-level policies into individual well-being for older adults is an issue that demands urgent attention. Based on the theoretical framework of the three pillars—“health, participation, and security”—this paper systematically examines the complex mechanisms through which senior universities contribute to the promotion of active aging. The role of senior universities is epitomized by three progressive, spiraling pathways: in the health dimension, building integrated physical and mental health capital through systematic curricula and social interaction; in the participation dimension, achieving a capability leap from learning to social contribution through digital empowerment and organized platforms; and in the meaning dimension, facilitating the construction of life meaning and intergenerational influence among older adults through role reconstruction and resocialization. The synergistic interaction of these three pathways enables senior universities to transcend the role of a mere educational institution, transforming them into comprehensive hubs that bridge national strategies and individual actions. However, constrained by practical challenges such as fragmented management systems, strategic misperceptions, imbalanced resource allocation, and a narrow conception of education, the full realization of their potential still depends on the systematic advancement of legal safeguards, diversified investment, and the enrichment of educational content.