积极老龄化视域下我国老年群体数字鸿沟的成因与破解路径研究

Research on the Causes and Solutions of the Digital Divide among the Elderly in China from the Perspective of Active Aging

摘要: 随着我国人口老龄化程度持续加深与数字社会建设加速推进，老年群体数字鸿沟问题已成为制约积极老龄化战略落地的关键瓶颈。本文基于世界卫生组织提出的“健康、参与、保障”三位一体积极老龄化框架，采用文献研究法与数据分析法，系统梳理我国老年群体数字鸿沟的多维表现，从个体、社会、制度三个层面剖析其深层成因，并提出针对性破解路径。研究发现，我国老年数字鸿沟已从传统的“接入沟”转向“使用沟”与“素养沟”，呈现出城乡差异显著、代际差距扩大、数字安全风险突出等特征。破解老年数字鸿沟，需以积极老龄化为核心导向，构建“个体赋能–社会协同–制度保障”的多元治理体系，让老年群体共享数字经济发展成果，实现老有所学、老有所为、老有所乐。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of intensifying population aging and accelerated construction of a digital society in China, the digital divide among the elderly has become a critical bottleneck restricting the implementation of the active aging strategy. Grounded in the three-pillar active aging framework of “health, participation and security” proposed by the World Health Organization, this paper systematically sorts out the multi-dimensional manifestations of the digital divide among China’s elderly population through literature research and data analysis, dissects its deep-seated causes from individual, social and institutional dimensions, and puts forward targeted countermeasures. The study finds that the digital divide for the elderly in China has shifted from the traditional “access divide” to “usage divide” and “literacy divide”, presenting features including significant urban-rural disparities, widening intergenerational gaps and prominent digital security risks. To bridge the elderly digital divide, we must take active aging as the core guidance, build a multi-governance system of “individual empowerment, social coordination and institutional guarantee”, enable the elderly to share the development fruits of the digital economy, and ensure that the elderly have access to learning, opportunities to contribute and enjoyment in their later years.