家校协同下小学生集体责任感的现状、内涵与培育路径

The Current Situation, Connotation and Cultivation Path of Primary School Students’ Collective Sense of Responsibility under Home-School Collaboration

摘要: 小学生集体责任感的培养是落实立德树人根本任务的重要环节。然而，当前家校协同在集体责任感培育中存在目标错位、沟通浅层化、要求不一致等突出问题。本文以班杜拉观察学习理论与布朗芬布伦纳生态系统理论为双重理论基础，对小学生集体责任感的内涵进行理论重构。在梳理小学生集体责任感现状、内涵与困境的基础上，提出“双情境协同”培育路径。包含家校双向榜样示范、家校强化标准一致性建设、双情境自我效能感培养、家校协同沟通制度四项核心策略。本文的核心论点是——家校双方在榜样供给、强化标准与效能信息上的协同一致，是强化经验能否转化为内在责任动机的关键边界条件。通过双情境的协同运作，使儿童的观察学习机会最大化、强化经验一致化以及效能信息多渠道化。

Abstract: The cultivation of collective responsibility among primary school students is an important link in implementing the fundamental task of fostering virtue and nurturing talent. However, at present, there are prominent problems such as misaligned goals, superficial communication and inconsistent requirements in the cultivation of collective sense of responsibility through home-school collaboration. This paper, based on the dual theoretical foundations of Bandura’s observational learning theory and Brown-Fin-Brenner’s ecosystem theory, conducts a theoretical reconstruction of the connotation of collective responsibility among primary school students. Based on a review of the current situation, connotation and predicament of primary school students’ sense of collective responsibility, a “dual-scenario synergy” cultivation path is proposed. It includes four core strategies: two-way exemplary demonstration between home and school, strengthening the construction of standard consistency between home and school, cultivating self-efficacy in dual scenarios, and establishing a home-school collaborative communication system. The core argument of this article is that the consistency between home and school in terms of role model supply, reinforcement standards and effectiveness information is the key boundary condition for whether reinforcement experience can be transformed into intrinsic responsibility motivation. Through the collaborative operation of dual scenarios, children’s opportunities for observational learning are maximized, experience consistency is strengthened, and multi-channel information on effectiveness is utilized.