小阴旦汤治疗失眠的多维度探讨

A Multi-Dimensional Exploration of Minor Yindan Decoction in the Treatment of Insomnia

摘要: 失眠是临床上常见的睡眠问题，常常困扰着患者的工作、学习及日常生活，长期反复发作还可能诱发心血管疾病、代谢综合征及精神心理障碍等并发症，已成为威胁人类健康的重要公共卫生问题。中医学对于本病的认识悠久，其核心机理为阳不入阴、心神失养或心神被扰，与脏腑功能失调密切相关。小阴旦汤作为中医调和阴阳的代表方剂，具有明显的“引阳入阴”之效，对于失眠治疗方面发挥了独特作用。本文从方药考证、理论探讨、临床应用及局限性等多维度对其治疗失眠的应用展开论述。

Abstract: Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder in clinical practice that frequently impairs patients’ work, study and daily life. Recurrent long-term insomnia may trigger complications including cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, and psychological and mental disorders, rendering it a major public health concern endangering human health. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a long-standing understanding of this condition. Its core pathogeneses lie in yang failing to enter yin, malnourishment of the heart spirit, or disturbance of the heart spirit, all of which are closely associated with visceral dysfunction. As a classic TCM formula for regulating yin-yang balance, the Minor Yindan Decoction exerts a prominent therapeutic effect of guiding yang back into yin, thereby demonstrating unique advantages in the treatment of insomnia. This paper systematically elaborates on the application of this decoction for insomnia treatment from multiple perspectives, including textual research on the formula, theoretical analysis, clinical practice and existing limitations.