以生为本的多层次立体化实验室安全教育培训体系构建与实践研究

Research on the Construction and Practice of a Student-Centered Multi-Level and Three-Dimensional Laboratory Safety Education and Training System

摘要: 针对高校实验室安全事故频发及传统安全教育“重理论、轻实践”、“重形式、轻实效”的问题，本项目旨在探索构建适应新工科及工程教育专业认证要求的实验室安全教育体系。依托广东海洋大学机械工程实验教学中心，基于“以生为本”理念，构建了包含“准入–理论–实践”三个维度的多层次立体化安全教育培训体系，并引入信息化手段实施全过程监管。实践成效显示，该体系有效提升了学生的安全素养。数据显示，试点学生的安全准入考核通过率由85%提升至98.6%，实验室违规操作率下降42%，安全演练参与度达到100%。该体系有效解决了实验室安全教育中针对性不强、监管缺失的问题，实现了从“被动管理”向“主动防御”的转变，具有较高的推广价值。

Abstract: In response to the frequent occurrence of safety accidents in university laboratories and the issues of traditional safety education, such as “emphasizing theory over practice” and “prioritizing form over effectiveness,” this project aims to explore the construction of a laboratory safety education system that meets the requirements of emerging engineering disciplines and engineering education accreditation. Based at the Mechanical Engineering Experimental Teaching Center of Guangdong Ocean University and guided by the “student-centered” philosophy, a multi-level, three-dimensional safety education and training system encompassing “access-theory-practice” dimensions was developed, incorporating information technology for comprehensive process supervision. Practical results demonstrate that the system significantly enhances students’ safety literacy. Data indicate that the pass rate of safety access assessments for pilot students increased from 85% to 98.6%, laboratory violation rates decreased by 42%, and participation in safety drills reached 100%. The system effectively addresses the problems of weak relevance and lack of supervision in laboratory safety education, achieving a shift from “passive management” to “active defense,” and holds high promotional value.