针灸治疗神经性耳鸣的临床医学进展

Clinical Advances in Acupuncture for Neurological Tinnitus

摘要: 神经性耳鸣是一种常见的耳鼻喉科疾病，患者在没有外部声音刺激的情况下，仍会感受到蝉鸣、嗡嗡声等异常声响，病情迁延难愈，会对患者的睡眠、情绪与日常生活造成不同程度的影响。目前现代医学主要通过药物、物理治疗等方式缓解症状，但难以根治，长期用药还可能产生不良反应。针灸作为中医传统特色疗法，近年来在耳鸣治疗领域得到广泛应用，形成了多种治疗方法并存的格局。本文系统梳理了近年来针灸治疗耳鸣的临床研究成果，从单纯针刺、艾灸、电针、针灸联合中药、揿针、穴位埋线、穴位注射等多个类别，总结不同疗法的临床效果与应用特点，以期为临床治疗神经性耳鸣提供丰富的方案选择。

Abstract: Neurological tinnitus, a prevalent otolaryngologic disorder, is characterized by the perception of phantom sounds—such as ringing or buzzing—in the absence of any external acoustic stimulus. The condition tends to be persistent and refractory, often substantially impairing patients’ sleep, emotional well‑being, and daily functioning. Current conventional medical management relies primarily on pharmacotherapy and physical modalities, which offer symptomatic relief but rarely achieve a cure; moreover, prolonged medication use carries a risk of adverse effects. Acupuncture, a cornerstone of traditional Chinese medicine, has gained increasing clinical traction in tinnitus treatment over recent years, giving rise to a diversified therapeutic landscape. This review systematically synthesizes recent clinical evidence on acupuncture‑based interventions for tinnitus, encompassing standalone acupuncture, moxibustion, electroacupuncture, acupuncture combined with Chinese herbal medicine, intradermal press tack needling, catgut‑embedding at acupoints, and acupoint injection. By evaluating the clinical effectiveness and application characteristics of each modality, this article aims to inform evidence‑based clinical decision‑making and expand the repertoire of available strategies for managing neurological tinnitus.