招生新政背景下普通高校高水平运动员学习投入的影响因素与纾解之道

Influencing Factors and Coping Strategies of Learning Investment of High Level Athletes in Colleges and Universities with the Background of New Enrollment Policy

摘要: 高校高水平运动队招生新政自2024年开始正式实施，为高水平运动员学业管理工作带来深远影响。研究立足招生新政背景，采用德尔菲法和决策实验室分析法(DEMATEL法)，通过对珠三角区域11所具有高水平运动队招生资格的普通高校21名管理者进行问卷调查，旨在揭示高水平运动员学习投入的影响因素和影响程度。结果表明，招生新政背景下，高水平运动员学习投入的影响因素呈现出多层次、多维度的复杂性，专业设置、学籍管理和职业生涯教育是关键驱动因素。基于这些发现，研究提出了“间接驱动”的纾解策略，即通过专业特色培育和特色化课程体系建设激活运动员内在动机，通过设置学分奖励上限、严格学分奖励范围端正运动员学习态度，通过强化职业生涯规划教育和提供全过程的学业支持激发运动员学习的主观能动性。通过对这些因素的应对，引发连锁反应，间接推动其他影响因素的改善。

Abstract: In 2024, the new enrollment policy of high level athletes in colleges and universities was formally implemented, which has a profound impact on the academic management of high-level athletes. This study is based on the background of the new policy, and adopts the Delphi method and the decision laboratory analysis method (DEMATEL method); through a questionnaire survey of 21 managers of 11 ordinary colleges and universities with high-level sports team recruitment qualifications in the Pearl River Delta region, it aims to reveal the influencing factors and degree of influence of high-level athletes’ learning input. The results show that under the background of the new policy, the influencing factors of high-level athletes’ learning input present multi-level and multi-dimensional complexity, and major setting, student management and career education are the key driving factors. Based on these findings, the study proposes an “indirect drive” relief strategy, that is, to activate athletes’ intrinsic motivation through professional characteristics cultivation and characteristic curriculum system construction, to correct athletes’ learning attitudes by setting a credit reward cap and strictly controlling the credit reward range, and to stimulate athletes’ subjective initiative in learning by strengthening career planning education and providing academic support throughout the process. By responding to these factors, a chain reaction is triggered, which indirectly promotes the improvement of other influencing factors.