空间流转与数字赋能：农村随迁老人的社会适应与身份协商

Spatial Mobility and Digital Empowerment: Social Adaptation and Identity Negotiation among Elderly Migrants in Rural Areas

摘要: 在城镇化与数字化双重浪潮的推动下，农村随迁老人面临着空间流动下社会适应和身份失调的挑战。本研究聚焦于这一群体的社会适应与身份协商问题，探讨其在城乡迁移过程中如何通过积极的日常实践应对身份危机，并在数字技术的赋能下实现自我重构。研究发现，农村随迁老人在城市生活中普遍遭遇“身份超载”“身份断裂”与“身份悬置”三重困境，在此背景下，老人通过信息资本的转化、熟人网络的跨地维系以及数字技能的再社会化，得以在日常生活中重建社会联结与自我认同。进一步地，身份协商呈现出三种路径：穿梭于城乡之间的“弹性”身份、平衡于客观期待与主观认同之间的“液态”身份，以及立足于数字契约系统的“契约”身份。

Abstract: Driven by the dual forces of urbanization and digitalization, elderly migrants from rural areas face challenges related to social adaptation and identity dissonance resulting from spatial mobility. This study focuses on the issues of social adaptation and identity negotiation among this group, exploring how they address identity crises through proactive daily practices during the urban-rural migration process and achieve self-reconstruction with the empowerment of digital technology. The study finds that rural elderly migrants commonly encounter a triple dilemma of “identity overload”, “identity rupture”, and “identity suspension” in urban life. Against this backdrop, they are able to rebuild social connections and self-identity in their daily lives through the transformation of informational capital, the cross-regional maintenance of familiar networks, and the resocialization of digital skills. Furthermore, identity negotiation manifests through three distinct pathways: a “resilient” identity that traverses urban and rural spaces; a “fluid” identity that balances objective expectations with subjective self-identification; and a “contractual” identity grounded in digital contractual systems.