新工科背景下土木工程专业“三维协同、四链融合”育人模式的构建与实践研究

Construction and Practice of a “Three-Dimensional Collaboration and Four-Chain Integration” Education Model for Civil Engineering under Emerging Engineering Education

摘要: 在新工科建设、工程教育专业认证和建筑产业数字化转型背景下，土木工程专业人才培养面临知识结构更新、工程实践能力提升、创新能力强化和产业适应性增强等现实要求。针对传统培养模式中育人目标分散、课程体系滞后、实践教学链条断裂、双师协同不足和质量评价单一等问题，本文以应用型本科高校土木工程专业为研究对象，基于OBE教育理念和协同育人理论，结合现场工程师培养和校企共育等实践基础，构建“目标协同–过程协同–评价协同”的三维协同育人模型，并提出教育链、产业链、创新链和评价链融合的实施路径。研究认为，土木工程专业多元协同育人应以工程认证标准为逻辑起点，以真实工程问题为教学载体，以校外实践基地和校企共享平台为支撑，以双师协同和质量评价闭环为保障，形成课程重构、实践贯通、项目驱动和持续改进相结合的应用型人才培养体系。该模式有助于提升学生复杂工程问题解决能力、工程实践能力、创新能力和职业素养，可为应用型本科高校土木工程专业建设与教学改革提供参考。

Abstract: Against the background of emerging engineering education, engineering education accreditation and the digital transformation of the construction industry, civil engineering programs are required to update knowledge structures, strengthen engineering practice, enhance innovation capacity and improve industrial adaptability. Focusing on an application-oriented undergraduate civil engineering program, this paper constructs a three-dimensional collaborative education model consisting of goal collaboration, process collaboration and evaluation collaboration, and proposes an implementation path integrating the education chain, industry chain, innovation chain and evaluation chain. The model takes accreditation standards as the starting point, real engineering problems as teaching carriers, innovation studios and practice bases as platforms, and dual-mentor collaboration, post-course-competition-certificate integration and continuous quality improvement as guarantees. It provides a systematic framework for improving students’ ability to solve complex engineering problems, engineering practice competence, innovation ability and professional literacy.