儿童异基因造血干细胞移植后HHV-6脑炎1例救治及临床特征综述
One Case of Clinical Management and Review of Clinical Characteristics of HHV-6 Encephalitis after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Children
DOI: 10.12677/jcpm.2026.54232, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 朱元虎*：济宁医学院临床医学院，山东 济宁；陶艳玲#：山东省妇女儿童医院儿童血液肿瘤科，山东 济南
关键词: Myelodysplastic Syndrome；异基因造血干细胞移植；HHV-6脑炎；儿童；造血干细胞移植后并发症；Myelodysplastic Syndrome； Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation； Human Herpesvirus 6 Encephalitis； Children； Post-Transplant Complications
摘要: 骨髓增生异常综合征(MDS)在儿童时期非常罕见，造血干细胞移植(HSCT)是唯一治愈手段，但术后因免疫抑制状态，极易并发脑炎，预后较差且危及生命。本文回顾了1例MDS患儿异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)后并发HHV-6脑炎的救治过程，并围绕儿童移植后HHV-6脑炎展开相关综述。研究以关键词检索国内外数据库，检索时间为2015年2月至2025年2月，重点聚焦儿童HSCT后HHV-6感染的临床表现、早期诊断要点及抢先治疗对改善疾病结局的重要性，同时总结儿童HHV-6脑炎的罕见临床特征，为儿科临床此类疾病诊疗提供参考。本研究通过单病例分析联合文献复习初步提示，儿童HSCT后HHV-6脑炎多发生于移植后2~4周，早期识别预警指标、及时启动抢先治疗有助于改善患者预后；但本研究为单中心回顾性分析，且存在文献选择偏倚等局限性，相关结论仍需更大样本量研究进一步验证。
Abstract: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is extremely rare in children, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the only curative option. Nevertheless, intensive immunosuppression post-transplant predisposes patients to severe encephalitis, which carries poor prognosis and life-threatening risks. This article describes the clinical management of one pediatric MDS patient complicated with HHV-6 encephalitis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), followed by a relevant literature review on post-transplant HHV-6 encephalitis in pediatric recipients. Literature retrieval was performed in domestic and overseas databases using predefined keywords from February 2015 to February 2025. The review mainly focuses on clinical manifestations, key points for early diagnosis of HHV-6 infection after pediatric HSCT, and the prognostic benefits of preemptive therapy; rare clinical features of pediatric HHV-6 encephalitis are also summarized to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment in pediatric practice. Combined with a single case and literature review, this study preliminarily indicates that pediatric HHV-6 encephalitis mostly occurs within 2 to 4 weeks after HSCT. Early diagnosis and preemptive antiviral therapy are critical to optimize prognosis. As a single-center retrospective study, this research has limitations including literature selection bias, and relevant conclusions need to be verified by further studies with larger samples.
文章引用：朱元虎, 陶艳玲. 儿童异基因造血干细胞移植后HHV-6脑炎1例救治及临床特征综述[J]. 临床个性化医学, 2026, 5(4): 138-146. https://doi.org/10.12677/jcpm.2026.54232

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