中医针灸治疗颈源性头痛的临床研究进展

Advances in Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Acupuncture for Cervicogenic Headache

摘要: 颈源性头痛(Cervicogenic Headache, CEH)是一种源于颈椎或周围软组织结构性或功能性病变，并投射至头颈区域的继发性头痛。近年来，该疾病逐渐受到临床与学术界的广泛关注。早期对其认识主要集中于生理学层面，而随着医学模式的演进，CEH的病理机制理解不断深化，诊断标准也持续更新，越来越强调生物–心理–社会多重因素之间的复杂互动。相应地，CEH的临床诊疗策略也逐步趋向个体化与整合化，诸多实践已证实其应用价值。特别是关于其发病机制、致病通路及诊断依据的研究，持续成为领域内关注的焦点。本文围绕颈源性头痛，系统梳理了当前在发病机制方面的研究进展，批判性评估了常用诊断工具的适用性与局限性，并综合比较了不同治疗方式的效果与临床反馈，试图呈现该领域的多元研究动向。本综述旨在整合近期重要研究成果，为CEH的临床诊断与治疗提供理论参照，并对未来研究方向提出展望，期望为进一步揭示其疾病本质、推动诊疗技术创新提供思路，助力该领域实现更显著的发展突破。

Abstract: Cervicogenic headache (CEH) is a type of secondary headache that arises from structural or functional abnormalities of the cervical spine or its surrounding soft tissues, with pain referred to the head and neck region. While early understanding of cervicogenic headache (CEH) was largely confined to its physiological basis, the evolution of medical models has not only deepened our insight into its pathological mechanisms and driven continuous updates to its diagnostic criteria, but also placed growing emphasis on the complex interactions among biological, psychological, and social factors. Accordingly, clinical diagnostic and treatment strategies for CEH have gradually evolved toward individualized and integrated approaches, with extensive clinical practice validating their clinical utility. In particular, research on its pathogenesis, pathogenic pathways, and diagnostic evidence remains a central focus in this field. Focusing on cervicogenic headache (CEH), this paper systematically reviews current research advances in its pathogenesis, critically assesses the applicability and limitations of widely used diagnostic tools, and comprehensively compares the efficacy and clinical outcomes of various treatment approaches, with the aim of presenting the diverse research trends in this field. This review aims to synthesize recent key research findings to provide theoretical references for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of CEH. It also proposes future research directions, intending to offer insights for further exploring the essence of the disease and promoting innovations in diagnosis and treatment techniques, so as to drive greater progress and breakthroughs in this research field.