昆山乡镇村地名的演变——以河流地名为主

The Evolution of Township and Village Place Names in Kunshan—With a Focus on River-Related Names

摘要: 昆山地处江南水网地带，自秦置娄县以来已有两千二百余年建置史。其乡镇村地名数量众多、类型丰富，既有“浦”“泾”“塘”“浜”等水系通名体系，亦有姓氏地名与雅化地名等多种类型。现有研究多集中于昆山县名沿革的考证，对基层地名的系统分析尚付阙如。本文以昆山市乡镇村地名为对象，构建“地理–人文–发展”三维分析框架：地理维度考察水系通名与地貌命名的空间逻辑，人文维度分析姓氏聚居与制度遗存的命名机制，发展维度揭示雅化演变中的语言策略与心理动因。综合运用文献考证与个案分析法，揭示昆山河流地名命名的内在规律，为江南水乡地名研究提供参照路径。

Abstract: Kunshan is located in the waterway network region of Jiangnan and has a history of administrative establishment spanning over 2200 years since the founding of Lou County during the Qin Dynasty. Its township and village place names are numerous and typologically diverse, encompassing not only a system of water feature generics such as pu (creeks), jing (rivulets), tang (ponds), and bang (brooks), but also various other types including surname-based toponyms and refined appellations. Existing research has largely concentrated on verifying the historical evolution of Kunshan’s county-level name, while systematic analyses of grassroots place names remain conspicuously absent. This paper takes the township and village place names of Kunshan City as its object of study and constructs a three-dimensional analytical framework of “geography-humanities-development”: the geographic dimension examines the spatial logic of water feature generics and landform-based naming; the humanistic dimension analyzes the naming mechanisms of surname-based settlements and institutional remnants; and the developmental dimension reveals the linguistic strategies and psychological motivations underlying the evolution of name refinement. By employing a combination of documentary research and case analysis methods, this paper uncovers the intrinsic patterns governing the naming of river-related place names in Kunshan, thereby offering a reference pathway for the study of place names in the Jiangnan water town region.