大连市智慧农业发展对策研究

Research on Countermeasures for the Development of Smart Agriculture in Dalian

摘要: 智慧农业作为其重要落地载体，契合沿海城市陆海复合型农业发展需求。大连市拥有特色设施农业与规模化海洋牧场双重产业优势，是东北地区陆海统筹发展智慧农业的典型区域。本文界定农业新质生产力、智慧农业、陆海统筹智慧农业核心概念，梳理大连市智慧农业在政策示范、智能装备、产学研创新、数字基建、数字新农人培育方面的发展成效；研究发现当地仍存在本土科创能力不足、陆海数据割裂形成数据孤岛、经营主体数字化差距显著、复合型数字农业人才缺口大、全产业链数字化融合程度低、陆海统筹政策金融保障体系不完善等现实瓶颈。立足大连陆地农业与蓝色渔业协同发展的资源禀赋，从本土技术攻关、陆海一体化数字中台搭建、分层培育农业经营主体、三产数字化融合、复合型人才引育、陆海统筹政策金融保障六个维度提出针对性优化路径。研究可为大连市依托智慧农业激活数据新型生产要素、培育农业新质生产力、实现农业高质量发展提供实践参考，同时为环渤海同类沿海城市、陆海复合型农渔产区发展智慧农业提供可借鉴的思路与方案。

Abstract: As a crucial carrier for practical implementation, smart agriculture caters to the development demands of land-marine integrated agriculture in coastal cities. Endowed with dual industrial strengths of distinctive facility agriculture and large-scale marine ranches, Dalian serves as a typical region in Northeast China for developing smart agriculture through coordinated land and marine development. From the theoretical perspective of new quality productive forces, this paper defines three core concepts: new quality productive forces in agriculture, smart agriculture, and land-marine coordinated smart agriculture. It summarizes Dalian’s progress in smart agriculture across five dimensions: policy demonstration systems, intelligent equipment deployment, industry-university-research collaborative innovation, digital infrastructure construction, and training of digitally competent new farmers. The study identifies prominent practical bottlenecks restricting local development, namely weak indigenous scientific and technological innovation capacity, fragmented land and marine data resulting in data silos, glaring digital development disparities among agricultural operators, a severe shortage of interdisciplinary digital agricultural professionals, inadequate digital integration across the entire industrial chain, and an incomplete policy and financial support system for land-marine coordinated development. Drawing on Dalian’s resource endowments featuring coordinated terrestrial agriculture and blue fisheries, this paper puts forward targeted optimization approaches covering six aspects: conducting indigenous technological research and breakthroughs, constructing an integrated land-marine agricultural digital middle platform, implementing tiered cultivation of agricultural business entities, promoting digital integration of primary, secondary and tertiary industries, recruiting and training interdisciplinary talents, and improving land-marine coordinated policy and financial safeguards. This research provides practical references for Dalian to activate data as a new type of production factor, foster new quality productive forces in agriculture and achieve high-quality agricultural development by virtue of smart agriculture. In addition, it offers replicable ideas and solutions for similar coastal cities around the Bohai Rim and land-marine integrated agricultural and fishery zones to advance smart agriculture.