再生混凝土细粉对砂浆耐久性能影响研究综述
A Review of the Effects of Recycled Concrete Powder on the Durability of Mortar
摘要: 再生混凝土细粉(recycled concrete powder，简称RCP)是废弃混凝土破碎、筛分及再生骨料生产过程中产生的细粒副产物。将RCP用于砂浆制备，有助于提高建筑固废资源化水平并降低水泥熟料用量，但其来源复杂、组成波动、吸水率较高和潜在活性不足等特点会影响砂浆孔结构和介质传输行为。本文围绕RCP的来源组成、制备与活化方式、基本理化特征及其耐久性影响机制等方面进行归纳，重点讨论毛细吸水、氯离子传输、碳化、硫酸盐侵蚀、冻融循环和干燥收缩等指标的变化规律。已有研究总体表明，低掺量RCP可通过填充效应和成核效应细化孔径分布，降低部分传输性指标；掺量过高或粉体活性不足时，水泥稀释效应、孔隙连通性增加和微裂缝发展会削弱抗渗、抗碳化及抗冻融能力。机械活化、热活化、碳化活化以及与矿物掺合料复合使用，是改善RCP砂浆耐久性能的主要途径。后续研究应加强原料分级、长期服役性能验证和多因素耦合劣化机制分析，为RCP在砂浆中的稳定应用提供依据。区别于侧重RCP制备、活性及水泥基材料综合性能的既有综述，本文聚焦砂浆体系，进一步将RCP活化路径与孔结构、浆体–细骨料界面过渡区及多因素耦合耐久劣化机制联系起来进行综述。
Abstract: Recycled concrete powder (RCP) is a fine-grained by-product generated during the crushing and screening of waste concrete and the production of recycled aggregates. Incorporating RCP into mortar can promote the resource-efficient utilization of construction and demolition waste and reduce cement clinker consumption. However, its heterogeneous sources, variable composition, high water absorption, and limited latent reactivity may affect the pore structure and transport behavior of mortar. This paper reviews the sources and composition, preparation and activation methods, fundamental physicochemical properties, and durability-related mechanisms of RCP, with particular emphasis on capillary water absorption, chloride ion transport, carbonation, sulfate attack, freeze-thaw resistance, and drying shrinkage. Existing studies generally indicate that, at low replacement levels, RCP can refine the pore-size distribution through filler and nucleation effects, thereby reducing certain transport-related parameters. By contrast, excessive RCP content or insufficient powder reactivity may impair resistance to water penetration, carbonation, and freeze–thaw damage because of the cement dilution effect, increased pore connectivity, and microcrack development. Mechanical activation, thermal activation, carbonation activation, and the combined use of RCP with supplementary cementitious materials are the principal approaches for improving the durability of RCP-containing mortar. Future research should focus on raw-material classification, validation of long-term service performance, and deterioration mechanisms under coupled environmental actions, thereby providing a basis for the reliable application of RCP in mortar. Unlike previous reviews that mainly address RCP preparation, reactivity, and the overall performance of cement-based materials, this review specifically focuses on mortar systems and further establishes links among RCP activation pathways, pore structure, the paste-fine aggregate interfacial transition zone, and durability deterioration mechanisms under multiple coupled factors.
文章引用：陈亚玲. 再生混凝土细粉对砂浆耐久性能影响研究综述[J]. 土木工程, 2026, 15(8): 58-67. https://doi.org/10.12677/hjce.2026.158201

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