积极老龄化视域下农村养老服务体系优化的三维探析

Three-Dimensional Analysis on the Optimization of Rural Elderly Care Service System from the Perspective of Active Aging

摘要: 在我国人口老龄化程度持续加深与城乡养老发展不均衡并存的背景下，农村养老服务体系建设已成为应对老龄化挑战、推进乡村振兴与实现共同富裕的重要内容。积极老龄化理念以健康、参与、保障为核心支柱，强调老年群体的主体价值与社会融入，为新时代农村养老服务体系优化提供了全新视角。当前我国农村养老服务体系仍面临设施供给不足且布局失衡、专业人才队伍短缺且结构不合理、多元主体参与不足且协同机制不畅等现实困境，难以满足农村老年人多层次、差异化的养老需求。基于此，从积极老龄化视角出发，以设施建设、人才支撑、多元协同等方面展开探析，推动农村养老服务从兜底保障型向积极发展型转变，加快形成更加公平、优质、可持续的现代化农村养老服务体系。

Abstract: Against the backdrop of the continuous deepening of population aging and the imbalance in elderly care development between urban and rural areas in China, the construction of the rural elderly care service system has become an important part of responding to the aging challenge, promoting rural revitalization, and achieving common prosperity. The concept of active aging, with health, participation, and security as its core pillars, emphasizes the subjective value of the elderly and their social integration, providing a new perspective for the optimization of the rural elderly care service system in the new era. Currently, the rural elderly care service system in China still faces practical difficulties such as insufficient facility supply and unbalanced layout, shortage of professional talent and unreasonable structure, and insufficient participation of multiple subjects and unsmooth coordination mechanisms, which are difficult to meet the multi-level and differentiated elderly care needs of rural elderly people. Based on this, from the perspective of active aging, this paper explores the optimization of the rural elderly care service system from the aspects of facility construction, talent support, and multi-subject collaboration, promoting the transformation of rural elderly care services from a basic guarantee type to a positive development type, and accelerating the formation of a more fair, high-quality, and sustainable modern rural elderly care service system.