生态安全导向下国土空间生态修复技术模式创新与价值实现路径研究

Research on Technical Model Innovation and Value Realization Pathways of Territorial Ecological Restoration under the Guidance of Ecological Security

摘要: 国土空间生态修复是优化国土空间开发保护格局、提升区域生态系统稳定性的重要途径。随着国土空间规划体系的不断完善，生态修复逐步由传统的生态环境治理工程向服务区域生态安全和国土空间治理的综合性行动转变。本文从生态修复理念演进出发，针对生态修复对象识别不精准、技术模式同质化、技术集成程度不足以及生态价值实现机制不完善等问题，提出生态安全意识嵌入下的“修复对象识别–技术模式适配–技术集成–监测评估–生态产品价值实现”分析框架，研究认为，生态安全意识嵌入有助于推动生态修复由局部工程治理向系统空间治理转变；通过生态源地、生态廊道、生态夹点、生态断裂点和高阻力区等关键空间单元识别，可实现修复对象精准定位；针对不同退化程度和空间功能需求，应构建自然恢复、辅助修复和生态重建相结合的技术模式体系；同时依托数字化监测评估和生态产品价值实现机制，推动生态修复成果向生态价值、经济价值和社会价值协同转化。研究认为，未来国土空间生态修复应强化多学科交叉融合，推动信息化、智能化技术与传统生态修复技术的深度结合，建立全生命周期监管体系，为相关领域的科研人员和工程实践者提供理论参考和实践指导。

Abstract: Ecological restoration of territorial space is an important approach to optimizing the development-protection pattern of territorial space and enhancing regional ecosystem stability. With the continuous improvement of the territorial spatial planning system, ecological restoration has gradually shifted from traditional ecological and environmental governance projects to comprehensive actions serving regional ecological security and territorial spatial governance. Starting from the evolution of ecological restoration concepts, this study addresses key challenges including inaccurate identification of restoration objects, homogenization of technical models, insufficient integration of technologies, and imperfect mechanisms for ecological value realization. An analytical framework of “restoration object identification-technical model adaptation-technology integration-monitoring and evaluation-ecological product value realization” is proposed under the embedding of ecological security awareness. The study suggests that embedding ecological security awareness can promote the transformation of ecological restoration from localized engineering interventions to systematic spatial governance. By identifying key spatial units such as ecological source areas, ecological corridors, ecological pinch points, ecological breakpoints, and high-resistance areas, restoration objects can be precisely located. For different levels of degradation and spatial functional requirements, a technical system combining natural restoration, assisted restoration, and ecological reconstruction should be established. Meanwhile, relying on digital monitoring, evaluation systems, and ecological product value realization mechanisms, ecological restoration outcomes can be transformed into coordinated ecological, economic, and social benefits. This study argues that future territorial ecological restoration should strengthen interdisciplinary integration, promote the deep coupling of informatization and intelligent technologies with traditional ecological restoration methods, and establish a full life-cycle supervision system, thereby providing theoretical references and practical guidance for researchers and practitioners in related fields.