数智时代劳动过程变迁及其影响研究

Research on the Changes of Labor Process and Its Impacts in the Digital-Intelligent Era

摘要: 数智技术的兴起并未终结资本对劳动过程的控制，而是推动了劳动过程形态的深层嬗变。基于马克思劳动过程理论，从劳动资料、劳动对象与劳动者三个维度，系统分析了数智时代劳动过程的三重嬗变：劳动资料的壁垒化转向、劳动对象的虚拟化转向、劳动者的原子化转向。进而揭示在“自由”表象之下，资本控制逻辑并未改变，价值增殖的驱动、对劳动过程的控制权、劳动对资本的隶属关系，均在算法调度与平台生态中获得了更为隐蔽的深化。在此基础上，辩证分析数智时代劳动过程演化的双重效应，并从劳动者主体性重建、技术中立祛魅与资本隐身逻辑揭露三个层面探讨了未来应对路径。

Abstract: The rise of digital-intelligent technologies has not ended capital’s control over the labor process, but instead promoted the in-depth transmutation of the form of the labor process. Based on Marx’s labor process theory, this paper systematically analyzes threefold transmutations of the labor process in the digital-intelligent era from three dimensions: means of labor, object of labor and laborer, which are the barriers-oriented transformation of means of labor, the virtualization-oriented transformation of object of labor, and the atomization-oriented transformation of laborers. It further reveals that beneath the surface of “freedom”, the logic of capital control remains unchanged, while the drive for value proliferation, the control power over the labor process, and the subordination of labor to capital have all been deepened in a more concealed manner within algorithmic scheduling and platform ecosystems. On this basis, this paper dialectically analyzes the dual effects of the evolution of the labor process in the digital-intelligent era, and discusses future coping strategies from three dimensions: the reconstruction of laborers’ subjectivity, the disenchantment of technological neutrality, and the exposure of the hidden logic of capital.