涉外知识产权侵权案件中的“被请求保护地”认定规则研究

A Study on the Determination Rules of “The Place Where Protection Is Claimed” in Foreign-Related Intellectual Property Infringement Cases

摘要: 文章以涉外知识产权侵权案件为研究对象，通过梳理《伯尔尼公约》第5条第2款的语源争议，厘清“被请求保护地”与“法院地”“侵权行为地”“权利注册地”等核心概念的本质区别。并基于2023年6月至2026年5月期间的200份裁判文书的实证分析，揭示司法实践中存在的法律适用错误、回避认定、概念混同等典型问题。研究发现，当前司法实践呈现“以法院地为中心”的倾向，“被请求保护地”的认定说理普遍缺失。在此基础上，文章借鉴国际示范法的经验，提出以“权利性质要素”“侵权行为要素”“当事人预期要素”为核心的类型化认定模式，主张通过“分割论”对不同知识产权争议事项差异化确定准据法。

Abstract: Taking foreign-related intellectual property infringement cases as the research subject, this paper sorts out etymological disputes over Paragraph 2 of Article 5 of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works, and clarifies the essential distinctions between “the place where protection is claimed” and core concepts including the forum, the place of infringement, and the place of right registration. Through an empirical analysis of 200 judicial judgments issued between June 2023 and May 2026, this paper identifies typical problems in judicial practice such as erroneous application of law, evasion of identification, and conceptual confusion. The study finds that current judicial practice manifests a forum-centric tendency, while reasoning for the identification of the place where protection is claimed is generally absent. On this basis, drawing on experience from international model laws, this paper proposes a typed identification model centered on three core elements: the nature of intellectual property rights, infringing acts, and parties’ legitimate expectations. It advocates the application of the depecage doctrine to assign applicable laws on a differentiated basis to distinct intellectual property disputed issues.