多囊卵巢综合征孕妇运动及饮食自我效能与孕期体重增长达标的相关性研究
Study on the Correlation of Exercise and Dietary Self-Efficacy with Adherence to Gestational Weight Gain Guidelines in Pregnant Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1682842, PDF,   
作者: 李 倩, 刘若彤, 李熙贤, 刘小波：南华大学护理学院，湖南 衡阳；廖红伍*：南华大学护理学院，湖南 衡阳；南华大学附属南华医院护理教研室，湖南 衡阳
关键词: 多囊卵巢综合征；孕妇；自我效能；妊娠期体重增长；体重管理；Polycystic Ovary Syndrome； Pregnant Women； Self-Efficacy； Weight Gain during Pregnancy； Weight Management
摘要: 背景：多囊卵巢综合征孕妇(PCOS)因胰岛素抵抗与心理负担的双重影响，孕期体重增长(GWG)管理困难，健康行为依从性较低。自我效能是健康行为的重要因素，其在PCOS孕妇孕期体重管理中的作用尚未得到系统评估。目的：探讨PCOS孕妇运动与饮食自我效能水平与GWG达标情况之间的关系，并分析相关因素。方法：于2025年12月至2026年4月在衡阳市三所三级甲等医院以便利抽样法，选取367例符合鹿特丹标准的足月单胎PCOS孕妇。采用汉化版孕妇运动自我效能量表(P-ESES)和体重效能生活方式问卷简版(WEL-SF)分别测量运动与饮食自我效能，依据《中国妇女妊娠期体重监测与评价》标准判定GWG达标情况。结果：GWG达标率为33.0%。P-ESES总分中位数为21 (IQR: 19~24)分；WEL-SF总分中位数为29 (IQR: 24~35)分。运动自我效能(rs = 0.472)与饮食自我效能(rs = 0.479)均与GWG达标呈正相关(P < 0.001)，并分别与GWG实际增重值呈负相关(rs = −0.537, −0.613, P < 0.001)。多元Logistic回归分析显示，在控制孕前BMI后，运动自我效能(OR = 1.257, 95% CI: 1.146~1.378)与饮食自我效能(OR = 1.131, 95% CI: 1.075~1.190)与GWG达标情况相关(均P < 0.001)。结论：PCOS孕妇运动与饮食自我效能水平普遍偏低，较高的运动与饮食自我效能与GWG达标呈正向关联。建议将运动与饮食自我效能的评估纳入PCOS孕妇常规体重管理体系，以实现GWG风险的早期识别与精准行为干预。
Abstract: Background: Pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) face difficulties in managing gestational weight gain (GWG) and exhibit low adherence to health behaviors due to the combined effects of insulin resistance and psychological burden. Self-efficacy is a crucial factor in health behavior, but its role in gestational weight management in PCOS pregnant women has not been systematically evaluated. Objective: To explore the relationship between exercise and dietary self-efficacy levels and GWG achievement in PCOS pregnant women and to analyze related factors. Methods: From December 2025 to April 2026, 367 full-term singleton PCOS pregnant women meeting the Rotterdam criteria were selected at the Affiliated Nanhua Hospital of Nanhua University using convenience sampling. The Chinese version of the Pregnant Women’s Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (P-ESES) and the shortened version of the Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire (WEL-SF) were used to measure exercise and diet self-efficacy, respectively. GWG levels were determined according to the standards of “Monitoring and Evaluation of Pregnancy Weight in Chinese Women”. Results: The GWG achievement rate was 33.0%. The median P-ESES total score was 21 (IQR: 19~24); the median WEL-SF total score was 29 (IQR: 24~35). Exercise self-efficacy (rs = 0.472) and dietary self-efficacy (rs = 0.479) were both positively correlated with GUG target achievement (P < 0.001), and negatively correlated with actual GWG gain (rs = −0.537, −0.613, P < 0.001, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that after controlling for pre-pregnancy BMI, exercise self-efficacy (OR = 1.257, 95% CI: 1.146~1.378) and dietary self-efficacy (OR = 1.131, 95% CI: 1.075~1.190) were associated with GUG target achievement (both P < 0.001). Conclusion: Exercise and dietary self-efficacy levels are generally low among pregnant women with PCOS. Higher levels of exercise and dietary self-efficacy are positively associated with achieving recommended GWG. These findings suggest that incorporating self-efficacy assessment into pregnancy weight management may help identify women who need additional behavioral support.
文章引用：李倩, 刘若彤, 李熙贤, 刘小波, 廖红伍. 多囊卵巢综合征孕妇运动及饮食自我效能与孕期体重增长达标的相关性研究[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(8): 694-704. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1682842

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