综合护理干预在脑出血患者中的应用效果研究

A Study on the Application Effect of Comprehensive Nursing Intervention in Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage

摘要: 目的：探讨综合护理干预在脑出血患者中的应用效果，为临床护理提供科学依据。方法：选取2023年1月至2024年6月我院神经外科收治的脑出血患者80例，采用随机数字表法分为综合护理组(n = 40)和常规护理组(n = 40)。常规护理组给予病情监测、基础护理及健康教育等常规护理措施，综合护理组在常规护理基础上实施病情监测、并发症预防、早期康复训练、心理护理及健康指导等综合护理干预。比较两组患者干预前后美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、Barthel指数、格拉斯哥昏迷量表(GCS)评分、改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分、并发症发生率及护理满意度。计量资料采用均数 ± 标准差($\overline{x}\pm s$ )表示，组间比较采用独立样本t检验，组内比较采用配对t检验；计数资料以率(%)表示，采用χ²检验，P < 0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果：干预后综合护理组GCS评分、Barthel指数显著高于常规护理组，NIHSS评分、mRS评分显著低于常规护理组(P < 0.05)；综合护理组并发症总发生率为7.50% (3/40)，显著低于常规护理组的25.00% (10/40) (P = 0.034)；综合护理组护理总满意度为95.00% (38/40)，显著高于常规护理组的80.00% (32/40) (P = 0.043)。结论：对脑出血患者实施系统化综合护理干预，可有效改善预后、减少并发症、促进功能恢复，具有较高的临床推广价值。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the application effect of comprehensive nursing intervention in patients with cerebral hemorrhage, and to provide a scientific basis for clinical nursing. Methods: 80 patients with cerebral hemorrhage admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery from January 2023 to June 2024 were randomly divided into comprehensive nursing group (n = 40) and routine nursing group (n = 40). The routine nursing group received routine nursing measures, while the comprehensive nursing group received comprehensive nursing intervention on the basis of routine nursing. NIHSS score, Barthel Index, GCS score, mRS score, complication rate and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results: After intervention, GCS score and Barthel Index in the comprehensive nursing group were significantly higher than those in the routine nursing group, while NIHSS score and mRS score were significantly lower (P < 0.05). The total incidence of complications was 7.50% vs. 25.00% (P = 0.034), and nursing satisfaction was 95.00% vs. 80.00% (P = 0.043). Conclusion: Systematic comprehensive nursing intervention can effectively improve prognosis, reduce complications and promote functional recovery.