基于《孔乙己》名师课例的教学组织互鉴

Mutual Learning of Teaching Organization Based on Master Teacher’s Exemplary Lessons on “Kong Yiji”

摘要: 《孔乙己》是中学语文教材的经典篇目，但是在实际教学中，教师经常会按照小说固定的几要素进行教学，这样难免会陷入模式化，难以到达文本的深层意蕴；因此本文以黄厚江和肖培东两位语文特级教师的《孔乙己》课例为研究对象，引入建构主义学习理论，分析两位老师在面对同一教学内容时，在他们教学理念的指导下，通过设置贴切文本且具有启发性的主问题，组织教学内容，展现了殊途同归的教学组织艺术，达到了较高的教学效果。通过比较分析他们的教学组织，探寻有效教学组织的内在机理与互鉴价值，为语文教学实践提供有益启示。

Abstract: “Kong Yiji” is a classic piece in middle school Chinese language textbooks. However, in actual teaching practice, teachers often instruct it according to the fixed elements of fiction, which inevitably leads to formulaic teaching and makes it difficult to reach the deeper implications of the text. Therefore, this paper takes the lesson cases of “Kong Yiji” taught by two distinguished Chinese language teachers, Huang Houjiang and Xiao Peidong, as its research subjects. Drawing on constructivist learning theory, it analyzes how, under the guidance of their respective teaching philosophies and in dealing with the same teaching content, they organize their instruction by posing main questions that are closely tied to the text and intellectually stimulating. Their approaches demonstrate the art of teaching organization that arrives at the same goal through different routes, achieving a high level of instructional effectiveness. Through a comparative analysis of their teaching organization, this paper explores the internal mechanisms and the value for mutual learning inherent in effective teaching organization, with the aim of providing useful insights for the practice of Chinese language teaching.