电商经济技术需求驱动下长三角学术创业政策工具配置研究

A Study on the Allocation of Academic Entrepreneurship Policy Instruments in the Yangtze River Delta Driven by the Technical Demands of the E-Commerce Economy

摘要: 电商平台已成为中国科技创新的重要需求策源地，而学术创业是高校成果向电商技术转化的关键路径，但其政策支撑效能尚待评估。本文以政策工具理论为基础，构建“政策工具–政策主体”二维框架，对长三角三省一市2010~2025年132份学术创业政策文本展开量化分析，评估其对电商核心技术场景的适配程度。研究发现：政策工具呈现显著非均衡格局，供给端存在重硬件基础设施、轻算法与数字人才等软性技术的结构性偏差，难以满足电商对智能算法、精准营销等核心技术的旺盛需求；各省市政策与地方电商发展禀赋高度关联，但均缺乏对电商场景的精准响应。基于此，从电商数字人才培育、平台技术采购激励、跨境电商政策联动及长三角协同机制四方面提出优化建议。

Abstract: E-commerce platforms have become a major source of demand for technological innovation in China, whilst academic entrepreneurship serves as a key pathway for translating university research outcomes into e-commerce technologies; however, the effectiveness of policy support in this regard remains to be assessed. Drawing on policy instrument theory, this paper constructs a two-dimensional “policy instrument-policy actor” framework to conduct a quantitative analysis of 132 academic entrepreneurship policy documents from the three provinces and one municipality of the Yangtze River Delta region between 2010 and 2025, evaluating their suitability for core e-commerce technology scenarios. The findings reveal that policy instruments exhibit a markedly unbalanced pattern. On the supply side, there is a structural bias towards hardware infrastructure at the expense of soft technologies such as algorithms and digital talent, making it difficult to meet the e-commerce sector’s robust demand for core technologies such as intelligent algorithms and precision marketing. Furthermore, whilst the policies of each province and municipality are highly correlated with local e-commerce development endowments, they all lack a precise response to e-commerce scenarios. Based on these findings, recommendations for optimisation are proposed across four areas: the cultivation of digital talent for e-commerce, incentives for platform technology procurement, policy coordination for cross-border e-commerce, and the establishment of a Yangtze River Delta coordination mechanism.