老龄化社会老年群体经济参与的社会机制研究——基于社会资本与个体能动性的分析视角

Research on the Social Mechanisms of Economic Participation among the Elderly in an Aging Society—From the Perspective of Analysis on Social Capital and Individual Agency

摘要: 老年群体的经济参与是银发经济可持续发展的核心议题，其实现的社会机制尚未获得充分阐释。本文从老龄社会学视角出发，基于社会资本与个体能动性的分析框架，考察面向老年群体的赋能型服务活动影响其经济参与行为的内在机制。研究提出“个体能力发展”与“社会关系建构”双重路径：前者通过认知素养与信息处理能力的提升，扩展老年群体的消费选择范围并优化决策质量；后者通过社群互动构建高信任度的社会网络，降低银发市场的信息搜寻成本与交易信任成本。两类服务融合模式的比较分析印证了上述机制的现实解释力。研究表明，老年群体经济参与的主体条件与社会网络条件是银发经济从政策驱动转向内生增长的重要支撑。

Abstract: Economic participation among the elderly constitutes a central issue for the sustainable development of the silver economy, yet the social mechanisms underlying its realization remain inadequately elucidated. From an aging sociology perspective and within an analytical framework integrating social capital and individual agency, this study examines the intrinsic mechanisms through which empowerment-oriented services influence elderly economic participation. The research proposes two pathways: “individual capacity development” enhances cognitive literacy and information processing skills, thereby expanding consumption choices and improving decision-making quality; while “social network construction” fosters highly trustworthy community interactions, reducing information search costs and transactional trust barriers in the silver economy. A comparative analysis of these service integration models validates the explanatory power of these mechanisms. The findings demonstrate that the subjective conditions for elderly economic participation and robust social networks serve as critical foundations for transitioning the silver economy from policy-driven growth to endogenous development.