从“接入”到“包容”的数字包容老龄社会理论内涵与实现逻辑——基于批判性视角的再审视

From “Access” to “Inclusion”: Theoretical Connotation and Realization Logic of the Digitally Inclusive Aging Society—A Re-Examination from a Critical Perspective

摘要: 数字包容养老已然成为老龄社会治理的主流思路，但它的基础理论仍缺少充分反思。本文以批判视角，梳理出该理念的三大问题：依靠技术解决问题，掩盖了结构性社会排斥；结合积极老龄化理念，对老年人形成隐形约束；包容概念自带主次失衡的内在矛盾。因此，本文搭建反思性数字包容框架，坚持以人为本、双向适配、尊重老年人脱离数字生活的权利，为优化老龄数字治理提供理论参考。

Abstract: Digital inclusive elderly care has become a mainstream governance approach in aging societies, while its basic theories remain insufficiently reflected upon. From a critical perspective, this paper summarizes three fundamental problems of the concept. First, solving social problems merely by technology covers up structural social exclusion. Second, combined with the concept of active aging, it imposes implicit constraints on older adults. Third, the notion of inclusion inherently contains internal contradictions of unbalanced subject and subordinate relations. Accordingly, this paper constructs a framework of reflective digital inclusion. It adheres to the people-oriented principle and two-way adaptation, and respects the rights of the elderly to stay away from digital life, aiming to provide theoretical references for optimizing digital governance in aging societies.