基于教材“拓广探索”栏目的项目式跨学科学习路径探析——以“钢球沿斜面滚动”为例

A Study on the Project-Based Interdisciplinary Learning Path in the “Expand and Explore” Section of the Textbook—Taking “Steel Ball Rolling down an Inclined Plane” as an Example

摘要: 人教版初中数学教材的“拓广探索”栏目是推动知识体系从特殊走向一般、渗透化归与类比等思想方法和跨学科学习的重要载体。此研究以“钢球沿斜面滚动”实际问题为教学主题并结合物理斜面物体运动情境，设计基于问题链的跨学科探究活动，提出项目式跨学科四重建构，真实情境的问题场域建构，递进探究的问题链建构，基于项目任务的跨学科建模建构和基于成果表达的素养生成建构。通过课堂实践，这种建构能够实现数学与物理知识的融合，提高学生数学核心素养及跨学科应用能力，为一线教师提供可复制、可落地的教学路径。

Abstract: The “Expand and Explore” section in the People’s Education Press (PEP) junior high school mathematics textbook is an important vehicle for advancing the knowledge system from specific to general, integrating ideas such as reduction and analogy, and promoting interdisciplinary learning. This study takes the practical problem of “steel ball rolling down an inclined plane” as the teaching theme and combines it with the physical context of object motion on an inclined plane to design an interdisciplinary inquiry activity based on a chain of questions. It proposes a four-level interdisciplinary project-based reconstruction: the construction of a problem field in a real-world context, the construction of a progressive inquiry question chain, the construction of interdisciplinary modeling based on project tasks, and the construction of competency development based on outcome expression. Through classroom practice, this approach can achieve an organic integration of mathematics and physics knowledge, enhance students’ core mathematical competencies and interdisciplinary application abilities, and provide a replicable and implementable teaching path for frontline teachers.