区域职业教育赋能乡村全面振兴的内在逻辑与实践路径研究

Research on the Inner Logic and Practical Path of Regional Vocational Education Empowering All-Round Rural Revitalization

摘要: 在乡村全面振兴的战略语境下，如何跨越城乡二元要素阻隔、重塑乡村内生发展动力，已成为当前区域治理与教育学界关注的核心命题。作为与地方经济社会发展联结最为紧密的教育类型，区域职业教育正在从边缘性的劳动力培训向系统性的“空间重构”与“资源整合”角色转变。本文首先阐释了职业教育赋能乡村全面振兴的内在逻辑，将其解构为人才引流与资本活化的要素耦合逻辑、社会空间重构与多元共生的治理逻辑以及数字技术整合与多维转向的时代逻辑。进言之，结合当前实践，深入剖析了职业教育服务乡村振兴中所面临的专业对接“解耦”、协同动力不足、数字化转型滞后等深层瓶颈。在此基础上，立足于浙江省衢州市“四省通衢”的生态底色与县域经济特征，系统总结了衢州在探索产教协同、培育乡村“新质人才”与“创业青年”等方面的生态化演进路径。最后，从精准定位产业对接网络、重构“一体两翼–开放共享”的数字平台、完善“共生协同–长效评价”的制度机制三个维度，提出了具有可操作性与前瞻性的衢州实践重塑路径，以期为区域职业教育高质量发展与乡村全面振兴的深度融合提供理论支撑与实践范式。

Abstract: Under the strategic context of all-round rural revitalization, how to cross the barrier of urban-rural dual factors and reshape the endogenous development momentum of rural areas has become a core proposition of common concern in current regional governance and educational circles. As the educational type most closely linked with local economic and social development, regional vocational education is changing from marginal labor training to systematic “spatial reconstruction” and “resource integration”. This paper first explains the inner logic of vocational education empowering all-round rural revitalization, deconstructing it into the factor coupling logic of talent diversion and capital activation, the governance logic of social spatial reconstruction and multi-dimensional symbiosis, and the era logic of digital technology integration and multi-dimensional transformation. Furthermore, combined with current practices, it deeply analyzes the deep-seated bottlenecks faced by vocational education in serving rural revitalization, such as the “decoupling” of professional docking, insufficient synergistic power, and lagging digital transformation. On this basis, based on the ecological background of “thoroughfare of four provinces” and the characteristics of county economy in Quzhou City, Zhejiang Province, it systematically summarizes Quzhou’s ecological evolution path in exploring industry-education coordination, cultivating rural “new-quality talents” and “entrepreneurial youth”. Finally, from three dimensions of precisely positioning the industrial docking network, reconstructing the “one body and two wings-open and sharing” digital platform, and improving the “symbiotic synergy-long-term evaluation” institutional mechanism, it proposes operable and forward-looking paths for Quzhou’s practical remodeling, aiming to provide theoretical support and practical paradigm for the deep integration of high-quality development of regional vocational education and all-round rural revitalization.