网络字母缩略语研究

Research on Internet Abbreviations

摘要: 网络字母缩略语作为数字交际中的显著语言现象，其生成、传播与变异蕴含着深刻的语用动因。本文以维索尔伦的语言顺应论为理论框架，将网络字母缩略语视为语言使用者在网络媒介制约下，为顺应物理世界的时间效率、社交世界的身份建构及心理世界的表达动机而进行的动态语言选择。文章从结构类型与功能类型两个维度对该现象进行描写，进而客观审视其对现代汉语词汇系统与语法结构产生的语域张力与增量影响。研究认为，字母缩略语的规范化不应基于“语言纯洁性”的预设，而应立足于交际效能的动态平衡。本文旨在为网络语言研究提供兼具描写深度与理论自觉的参照视角。

Abstract: As a significant linguistic phenomenon in digital communication, the generation, dissemination, and variation of internet letter abbreviations contain profound pragmatic motivations. This article takes Vesollen’s theory of language adaptation as the theoretical framework, and regards internet alphabet abbreviations as dynamic language choices made by language users under the constraints of online media, in order to adapt to the time efficiency of the physical world, the identity construction of the social world, and the expression motivation of the psychological world. The article describes this phenomenon from two dimensions: structural type and functional type, and objectively examines its domain tension and incremental impact on the modern Chinese vocabulary system and grammar structure. Research suggests that the standardization of acronyms should not be based on the assumption of “linguistic purity”, but rather on the dynamic balance of communicative efficacy. This article aims to provide a reference perspective for the study of internet language that combines depth of description and theoretical consciousness.