拨针疗法治疗颈肩腰腿痛的研究进展

Research Progress on Needle-Plopping Therapy for Neck, Shoulder, Waist, and Leg Pain

摘要: 目的：系统梳理和总结拨针疗法治疗颈肩腰腿痛的研究进展，从作用机制、技术操作规范、临床应用及联合治疗策略等方面进行综合分析，探讨其临床价值与未来发展方向。方法：通过检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据(Wanfang Data)及PubMed等数据库收录的拨针疗法相关临床研究文献与机制研究报道，对纳入的随机对照试验、临床观察及病例系列研究进行系统回顾与分析。结果：拨针疗法以中医“解结”理论为核心，通过机械松解粘连、改善局部微循环、调节疼痛信号传导及影响筋膜张力网络等多靶点发挥治疗作用。临床研究显示，拨针在颈椎病、肩周炎、腰椎间盘突出症、膝骨关节炎等疾病治疗中疗效确切，在改善疼痛评分、关节功能及生活质量方面优于部分传统疗法，且安全性高、患者接受度良好。拨针与针刺、中药、推拿及现代医学手段联合应用可产生协同增效作用。结论：拨针疗法是一种融合传统理论与现代医学机制的特色微创技术。现有证据表明，其通过多靶点整合效应发挥治疗作用，在颈肩腰腿痛领域具有良好的临床应用前景。未来应通过开展高质量随机对照试验、深入机制研究及制定标准化操作规范，进一步推动其循证医学基础与临床推广应用。

Abstract: Objective: To systematically review and summarize the research progress on needle-plopping therapy for neck, shoulder, waist, and leg pain, and to comprehensively analyze its mechanisms of action, technical operation standards, clinical applications, and combined treatment strategies, thereby exploring its clinical value and future development directions. Methods: Relevant clinical research literature and mechanistic studies on needle-plopping therapy were retrieved from databases including CNKI, Wanfang Data, and PubMed. Randomized controlled trials, clinical observations, and case series studies that met the inclusion criteria were systematically reviewed and analyzed. Results: Needle-plopping therapy, rooted in the traditional Chinese medicine theory of “relieving binding” (Jie Jie), exerts therapeutic effects through multiple targets, including mechanical release of adhesions, improvement of local microcirculation, modulation of pain signal transduction, and influence on fascial tension networks. Clinical studies have shown that needle-plopping therapy demonstrates definite efficacy in cervical spondylosis, scapulohumeral periarthritis, lumbar disc herniation, and knee osteoarthritis. It is superior to some conventional therapies in improving pain scores, joint function, and quality of life, with high safety and good patient acceptability. Combined application with acupuncture, Chinese herbal medicine, tuina, and modern medical approaches can produce synergistic effects. Conclusion: Needle-plopping therapy is a distinctive minimally invasive technique that integrates traditional theories with modern medical mechanisms. Current evidence indicates that it exerts therapeutic effects through multi-target integrative actions and shows promising clinical application prospects in the field of neck, shoulder, waist, and leg pain. Future efforts should focus on conducting high-quality randomized controlled trials, in-depth mechanistic research, and establishing standardized operational protocols to further strengthen its evidence-based foundation and promote clinical adoption.