人工智能心电图在心血管疾病早期筛查与风险预测中的研究进展
Research Progress of Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Electrocardiography in Early Screening and Risk Prediction of Cardiovascular Diseases
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2026.1682886, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 陈佳兴, 梅宵宵, 沈楚豪, 蒋铭涛, 谢芝琬：南通大学杏林学院，江苏 南通；朱蕙霞：南通大学医学院，江苏 南通
关键词: 心血管疾病；人工智能；心电图；早期筛查；风险预测；深度学习；Cardiovascular Disease； Artificial Intelligence； Electrocardiogram； Early Screening； Risk Prediction； Deep Learning
摘要: 心电图(Electrocardiogram, ECG)是临床最常用的无创心电检查工具，传统上主要用于诊断既有心律失常与心肌缺血。近年来，随着人工智能(Artificial Intelligence, AI)技术的快速发展，人工智能心电图不仅提升了疾病诊断的准确性，更在心血管疾病的早期筛查与风险预测方面展现出巨大潜力。本文旨在系统综述人工智能辅助心电图诊断(Artificial Intelligence-enabled Electrocardiogram, AI-ECG)在心律失常、心力衰竭、心肌病、结构性心脏病等心血管疾病的早期识别与风险分层中的最新研究进展，并探讨其临床转化面临的挑战与未来方向。
Abstract: The electrocardiogram (ECG) is the most widely utilized non-invasive tool in clinical practice, traditionally employed for diagnosing established arrhythmias and myocardial ischemia. In recent years, with the rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technology, AI-enabled electrocardiography (AI-ECG) has not only improved diagnostic accuracy but also demonstrated significant potential in the early screening and risk prediction of cardiovascular diseases. This article aims to systematically review the latest research progress of AI-ECG in the early identification and risk stratification of cardiovascular conditions—including arrhythmias, heart failure, cardiomyopathy, and structural heart disease—while discussing the challenges of clinical translation and future directions in this field.
文章引用：陈佳兴, 梅宵宵, 沈楚豪, 蒋铭涛, 谢芝琬, 朱蕙霞. 人工智能心电图在心血管疾病早期筛查与风险预测中的研究进展[J]. 临床医学进展, 2026, 16(8): 1108-1116. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2026.1682886

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