飞行员兴奋易感性对工作记忆能力的影响
The Impact of Pilots’ Ease of Excitation on Working Memory Performance
DOI: 10.12677/ap.2026.168387, PDF,    科研立项经费支持
作者: 陈慧敏*, 周 坤#, 陈雪琦, 王文彬：中国民航大学安全科学与工程学院，天津
关键词: 兴奋易感性；工作记忆；飞行员；认知能力；Ease of Excitation； Working Memory； Pilot； Cognitive Ability
摘要: 目的：探讨飞行员兴奋易感性人格特质对飞行员工作记忆能力的影响，为航空飞行员心理选拔提供实证依据。方法：采用《高度敏感者量表》(HSPS)从143名飞行学员中按照前后各30%的标准筛选出高、低兴奋易感性组，共82人参加航空决策n-back任务，以反应时和辨别力指数(d’)为工作记忆绩效指标。结果：高兴奋易感性组在航空决策2-back任务中的反应时显著长于低分组，高兴奋易感性组的辨别力指数d’均值高于低兴奋易感性组，但此差异未达到统计学显著水平。结论：兴奋易感性水平显著影响飞行员在高负荷工作记忆任务中的决策速度，高兴奋易感性个体表现出更长的反应时，并可能存在一种“以速度换取精度”的保守反应策略。兴奋易感性可作为飞行员心理选拔与认知训练评估的潜在参考指标。
Abstract: Objective: To explore the impact of pilots’ ease of excitation on their working memory ability, providing empirical evidence for psychological selection in pilot training. Methods: Using the Highly Sensitive Person Scale (HSPS), 143 flight cadets were divided into high and low sensitivity groups based on the top and bottom 30% of scores. A total of 82 participants subsequently completed an aviation decision-making n-back task, with reaction time (RT) and the signal-detection-theory discriminability index d’ used as performance indicators of working memory. Results: The high sensitivity group showed significantly longer reaction times than the low sensitivity group on the aviation decision-making 2-back task. Although there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in d’, the mean d’ of the high sensitivity group was higher than that of the low sensitivity group. Conclusion: Pilots’ level of ease of excitation significantly influenced their decision-making speed in high-load working memory tasks; the highly sensitive individuals exhibited significantly longer reaction times, which may indicate a cautious speed-accuracy trade-off strategy. Ease of excitation, as a personality trait, may serve as a potential reference indicator for psychological selection and cognitive training in pilot candidates.
文章引用：陈慧敏, 周坤, 陈雪琦, 王文彬 (2026). 飞行员兴奋易感性对工作记忆能力的影响. 心理学进展, 16(8), 180-187. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2026.168387

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