Ki67检测在阿司匹林预防结直肠癌中的应用效果

The Application Effect of Ki67 Detection in Aspirin for the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer

摘要: 目的：探究Ki67增殖指数在阿司匹林预防结直肠癌中的病理评估价值，量化阿司匹林对结直肠病变细胞增殖的抑制效应，为结直肠癌化学预防提供客观依据。方法：选取2023年1月至2025年1月本院收治的86例结直肠腺瘤性息肉及早期癌前病变高危患者，随机分为对照组与观察组，各43例。对照组仅实施常规健康管理与随访监测，观察组在常规干预基础上予以长期低剂量阿司匹林口服预防治疗，干预后采用免疫组化法检测两组病变组织Ki67表达水平，对比细胞增殖活性及病变进展情况。结果：观察组Ki67阳性表达率、增殖指数及病变进展发生率均显著低于对照组，组间差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：低剂量阿司匹林长期干预可有效抑制结直肠高危病变细胞的异常增殖，延缓癌前病变进展，降低结直肠癌发生风险。Ki67增殖指数可精准量化病变细胞增殖活跃程度，能够客观、真实地反映阿司匹林的临床预防效果，可作为结直肠癌化学预防疗效评估的核心病理学指标，具备良好的临床推广价值。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the pathological evaluation value of Ki67 proliferation index in the prevention of colorectal cancer by aspirin, quantify the inhibitory effect of aspirin on the proliferation of colorectal lesion cells, and provide objective evidence for the chemoprevention of colorectal cancer. Methods: A total of 86 high-risk patients with colorectal adenomatous polyps and early precancerous lesions admitted to our hospital from January 2023 to January 2025 were selected and randomly divided into a control group and an observation group, with 43 cases each. The control group received only routine health management and follow-up monitoring, while the observation group was treated with long-term low-dose aspirin orally in addition to routine interventions. Post-intervention, the Ki67 expression levels in the lesion tissues of both groups were detected using immunohistochemistry, and the cell proliferation activity and lesion progression were compared. Results: The Ki67 positive expression rate, proliferation index, and incidence of lesion progression in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences between the groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Long-term low-dose aspirin intervention can effectively inhibit the abnormal proliferation of high-risk colorectal lesion cells, delay the progression of precancerous lesions, and reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. The Ki67 proliferation index can accurately quantify the proliferative activity of lesion cells, objectively and truthfully reflecting the clinical preventive effect of aspirin. It can serve as a core pathological indicator for evaluating the efficacy of colorectal cancer chemoprevention and holds significant clinical application value.